वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-10, verse-5

ते गत्वा दूरमध्वानं लम्बमाने दिवाकरे ।
ददृशुः सहिता रम्यं तटाकं योजनायतम् ॥५॥

5. te gatvā dūramadhvānaṃ lambamāne divākare ,
dadṛśuḥ sahitā ramyaṃ taṭākaṃ yojanāyatam.

5. te gatvā dūram adhvānam lambamāne divākare
dadṛśuḥ sahitā ramyam taṭākam yojanāyatam

5. divākare lambamāne te dūram adhvānam gatvā
sahitā ramyam yojanāyatam taṭākam dadṛśuḥ

5. After traveling a long distance, as the sun was setting, they all together saw a beautiful lake that stretched for a Yojana.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - Rama, Lakshmana, and Sita (they)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

• दूरम् (dūram) - far, a long distance

• अध्वानम् (adhvānam) - path, road, journey, distance

• लम्बमाने (lambamāne) - setting, hanging low, descending

• दिवाकरे (divākare) - in the sun, when the sun

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

• सहिता (sahitā) - accompanied, together

• रम्यम् (ramyam) - beautiful, charming, delightful

• तटाकम् (taṭākam) - lake, pond, large tank

• योजनायतम् (yojanāyatam) - extending for a Yojana (unit of distance)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - Rama, Lakshmana, and Sita (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rama, Lakshmana, and Sita.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, after going

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root gam (to go) with suffix -ktvā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

दूरम् (dūram) - far, a long distance

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dūra

dūra - far, distant, remote

Root: dū

Note: Functions adverbially, indicating extent of travel.

अध्वानम् (adhvānam) - path, road, journey, distance

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adhvan

adhvan - path, road, way, journey

Note: Object of 'gatvā' (implicitly), indicating the extent of the journey.

लम्बमाने (lambamāne) - setting, hanging low, descending

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of lambamāna

lambamāna - hanging, suspended, setting

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root lamb (to hang, drop) with suffix -māna

Root: lamb (class 1)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'divākare'.

दिवाकरे (divākare) - in the sun, when the sun

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divākara

divākara - sun, day-maker

From divā (by day) + kara (maker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, daily
  indeclinable
  Root: div
• kara – maker, doer, hand, ray
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'lambamāne'.

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect, 3rd person plural

Irregular perfect form from root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

सहिता (sahitā) - accompanied, together

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, together

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place) with prefix sa- (or from sah, to bear) and suffix -ta

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'te' (the group), implying all three were together.

रम्यम् (ramyam) - beautiful, charming, delightful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ramya

ramya - charming, beautiful, delightful

Gerundive

Derived from root ram (to delight) with suffix -ya

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'taṭākam'.

तटाकम् (taṭākam) - lake, pond, large tank

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of taṭāka

taṭāka - lake, pond, reservoir

Root: taṭ

Note: Object of 'dadṛśuḥ'.

योजनायतम् (yojanāyatam) - extending for a Yojana (unit of distance)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yojanāyata

yojanāyata - extending for a Yojana (unit of distance)

From yojana (a measure of distance) + āyata (extended)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yojana+āyata)

• yojana – a measure of distance (approx. 8-10 miles), joining
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• āyata – extended, stretched, long
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yam (to control, extend) with upasarga ā- and suffix -ta
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'taṭākam'.