वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-10, verse-67

उपास्य पश्चिमां संध्यां सह भ्रात्रा यथाविधि ।
प्रविवेशाश्रमपदं तमृषिं चाभ्यवादयन् ॥६७॥

67. upāsya paścimāṃ saṃdhyāṃ saha bhrātrā yathāvidhi ,
praviveśāśramapadaṃ tamṛṣiṃ cābhyavādayan.

67. upāsya paścimām sandhyām saha bhrātrā yathāvidhi
praviveśa āśramapadam tam ṛṣim ca abhyavādayan

67. bhrātrā saha paścimām sandhyām yathāvidhi upāsya,
(rāmaḥ) āśramapadam praviveśa ca (tau) tam ṛṣim abhyavādayan

67. Having performed the western twilight worship (sandhyā) with his brother as prescribed, he entered the hermitage, and they greeted that sage.

Words meanings summery:

• उपास्य (upāsya) - having performed (twilight worship) (having worshipped, having served)

• पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - western (twilight) (western, last)

• सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - twilight worship (twilight, evening, junction)

• सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - with his brother (Lakṣmaṇa) (by brother, with brother)

• यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule, duly, as prescribed

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he entered

• आश्रमपदम् (āśramapadam) - hermitage, ascetic's dwelling

• तम् (tam) - that (sage) (that, him)

• ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer, ascetic

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभ्यवादयन् (abhyavādayan) - they greeted, they saluted

Words meanings and morphology

उपास्य (upāsya) - having performed (twilight worship) (having worshipped, having served)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root ās (to sit, to be) with preverb upa (near) + lyap suffix.

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - western (twilight) (western, last)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paścima

paścima - western, last, hindmost

Derived from paścāt (behind, west).

Note: Qualifies 'sandhyām'.

सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - twilight worship (twilight, evening, junction)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sandhyā

sandhyā - twilight, evening, junction, juncture of day and night

सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - with his brother (Lakṣmaṇa) (by brother, with brother)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Root bhṛ (to bear, carry), agent noun.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule, duly, as prescribed

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable compound, yathā (as) + vidhi (rule).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+vidhi)

• yathā – as, according as, just as
  indeclinable
• vidhi – rule, injunction, method, fate
  noun (masculine)
  Root dhā (to place) with preverb vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of praviś

Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

Root viś (to enter) with preverb pra (forth, into). 3rd person singular.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Subject is Rāma (implied).

आश्रमपदम् (āśramapadam) - hermitage, ascetic's dwelling

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āśramapada

āśramapada - hermitage, ascetic's dwelling, sacred spot

Compound of āśrama (hermitage) and pada (place).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśrama+pada)

• āśrama – hermitage, asylum, a stage of life (āśrama)
  noun (masculine)
  From root śram (to toil) with preverb ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śram (class 4)
• pada – foot, step, place, mark, word
  noun (neuter)
  From root pad (to go).
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Object of 'praviveśa'.

तम् (tam) - that (sage) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'ṛṣim'.

ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer, ascetic

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, ascetic

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'praviveśa' and 'abhyavādayan'.

अभ्यवादयन् (abhyavādayan) - they greeted, they saluted

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavād

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ)

From root vad (to speak) with preverb abhi (towards, upon). 3rd person plural.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Subject is Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa (implied by plural form).