वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-10, verse-52

निगृह्य तरसा मृत्युं लोकानां हितकाम्यया ।
यस्य भ्रात्रा कृतेयं दिक् शरण्या पुण्यकर्मणा ॥५२॥

52. nigṛhya tarasā mṛtyuṃ lokānāṃ hitakāmyayā ,
yasya bhrātrā kṛteyaṃ dik śaraṇyā puṇyakarmaṇā.

52. nigṛhya tarasā mṛtyum lokānām hitakāmyayā yasya
bhrātrā kṛtā iyam dik śaraṇyā puṇyakarmaṇā

52. lokānām hitakāmyayā mṛtyum tarasā nigṛhya yasya
puṇyakarmaṇā bhrātrā iyam dik śaraṇyā kṛtā

52. Wishing for the welfare of the people, and having forcibly subdued death, this region was made a refuge by his brother (Idhmāvāha), the performer of virtuous deeds.

Words meanings summery:

• निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having restrained, having subdued, having controlled

• तरसा (tarasā) - forcibly (by force, with speed, quickly)

• मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

• लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the worlds, of the people

• हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - for the welfare of (lokānām) (by the desire for welfare, wishing well)

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (referring to Agastya, from prior verse) (whose, of whom)

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by Agastya's brother (Idhmāvāha) (by the brother)

• कृता (kṛtā) - made, done, performed

• इयम् (iyam) - this (region) (this (feminine))

• दिक् (dik) - direction, region, quarter

• शरण्या (śaraṇyā) - affording shelter, worthy of refuge, a place of refuge

• पुण्यकर्मणा (puṇyakarmaṇā) - by the one of virtuous deeds, by the meritorious one

Words meanings and morphology

निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having restrained, having subdued, having controlled

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From ni-grah (to seize, restrain) + lyap (absolutive suffix for verbs with prefixes)

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

तरसा (tarasā) - forcibly (by force, with speed, quickly)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of taras

taras - force, strength, speed, energy

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Adverbial use, modifying nigṛhya.

मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, dying, Yama (god of death)

From mṛ (to die) + tyu (suffix)

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of nigṛhya.

लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the worlds, of the people

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, people, region, realm

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Possessive or dative sense (for the welfare of).

हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - for the welfare of (lokānām) (by the desire for welfare, wishing well)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hitakāmyā

hitakāmyā - desire for welfare, benevolence, wishing good

From hita (welfare) + kāmyā (desire)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (hita+kāmyā)

• hita – beneficial, welfare, good
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From dhā (to place) + kta (ppp) with hi (irregular form)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• kāmyā – desire, wish
  noun (feminine)
  From kam (to desire) + ya (suffix)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Adverbial use, indicating purpose.

यस्य (yasya) - whose (referring to Agastya, from prior verse) (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Connects to 'bhrātrā'.

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by Agastya's brother (Idhmāvāha) (by the brother)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Agent of 'kṛtā'.

कृता (kṛtā) - made, done, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

From kṛ (to do, make) + kta (ppp suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb in passive.

इयम् (iyam) - this (region) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, she

Proximate demonstrative pronoun

दिक् (dik) - direction, region, quarter

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region, side

Root noun.

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Subject of the passive construction.

शरण्या (śaraṇyā) - affording shelter, worthy of refuge, a place of refuge

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śaraṇyā

śaraṇyā - affording shelter, worthy of refuge, a place of refuge, refuge itself

Gerundive

From śaraṇa (refuge) + ya (suffix)

Root: śṛ (class 1)

पुण्यकर्मणा (puṇyakarmaṇā) - by the one of virtuous deeds, by the meritorious one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of puṇyakarman

puṇyakarman - one whose actions are meritorious, virtuous, righteous

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (puṇya+karman)

• puṇya – meritorious, virtuous, sacred, pure
  adjective (neuter)
• karman – action, deed, work, ritual (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From kṛ (to do) + man (suffix)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with bhrātrā.