वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-10, verse-74

हस्तिहस्तैर्विमृदितान् वानरैरुपशोभितान् ।
मत्तैः शकुनिसंघैश्च शतशः प्रतिनादितान् ॥७४॥

74. hastihastairvimṛditān vānarairupaśobhitān ,
mattaiḥ śakunisaṃghaiśca śataśaḥ pratināditān.

74. hastihastaiḥ vimṛditān vānaraiḥ upaśobhitān
mattaiḥ śakunisaṃghaiḥ ca śataśaḥ pratināditān

74. hastihastaiḥ vimṛditān,
vānaraiḥ upaśobhitān,
mattaiḥ śakunisaṃghaiḥ ca śataśaḥ pratināditān (āsan).

74. They were crushed by elephant trunks, adorned by monkeys, and echoing with the calls of hundreds of excited flocks of birds.

Words meanings summery:

• हस्तिहस्तैः (hastihastaiḥ) - by elephant trunks

• विमृदितान् (vimṛditān) - crushed, trampled, destroyed

• वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by monkeys

• उपशोभितान् (upaśobhitān) - adorned, beautified, made splendid

• मत्तैः (mattaiḥ) - by excited/joyful (by excited, by intoxicated, by joyful)

• शकुनिसंघैः (śakunisaṁghaiḥ) - by flocks of birds, by groups of birds

• च (ca) - and, also

• शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, hundreds of times

• प्रतिनादितान् (pratināditān) - made to resound, filled with echoes

Words meanings and morphology

हस्तिहस्तैः (hastihastaiḥ) - by elephant trunks

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hastihasta

hastihasta - elephant's trunk

Compound type : tatpurusha (hastin+hasta)

• hastin – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• hasta – hand, trunk (of an elephant)
  noun (masculine)

विमृदितान् (vimṛditān) - crushed, trampled, destroyed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vimṛdita

vimṛdita - crushed, trampled down, pressed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √mṛd (to crush) with the prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: mṛd (class 7)

Note: Refers to implied objects being described, likely trees or parts of the landscape.

वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by monkeys

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey

उपशोभितान् (upaśobhitān) - adorned, beautified, made splendid

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of upaśobhita

upaśobhita - adorned, embellished, beautified, made splendid

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √śubh (to shine, be beautiful) with the prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Refers to implied objects being described, likely trees or parts of the landscape.

मत्तैः (mattaiḥ) - by excited/joyful (by excited, by intoxicated, by joyful)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of matta

matta - intoxicated, drunk, excited, joyful, rutting (of elephants)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √mad (to be exhilarated, intoxicated).

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śakunisaṃghaiḥ'.

शकुनिसंघैः (śakunisaṁghaiḥ) - by flocks of birds, by groups of birds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śakunisaṃgha

śakunisaṁgha - flock of birds, multitude of birds

Compound type : tatpurusha (śakuni+saṃgha)

• śakuni – bird
  noun (masculine)
• saṃgha – flock, multitude, group, assembly
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √han (to strike, unite) with the prefix sam-.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शतशः (śataśaḥ) - by hundreds, hundreds of times

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from 'śata' (hundred) with the suffix -śaḥ.

प्रतिनादितान् (pratināditān) - made to resound, filled with echoes

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pratinādita

pratinādita - made to resound, echoed, filled with noise

Past Passive Participle (causative)

Derived from the root √nad (to sound) with the prefix prati-, in its causative form.

Prefix: prati

Root: nad (class 1)