वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-10, verse-50

विविक्तेषु च तीर्थेषु कृतस्नाना द्विजातयः ।
पुष्पोपहारं कुर्वन्ति कुसुमैः स्वयमार्जितैः ॥५०॥

50. vivikteṣu ca tīrtheṣu kṛtasnānā dvijātayaḥ ,
puṣpopahāraṃ kurvanti kusumaiḥ svayamārjitaiḥ.

50. vivikteṣu ca tīrtheṣu kṛtasnānāḥ dvijātayaḥ
puṣpopahāram kurvanti kusumaiḥ svayamārjitaiḥ

50. dvijātayaḥ vivikteṣu ca tīrtheṣu kṛtasnānāḥ
svayamārjitaiḥ kusumaiḥ puṣpopahāram kurvanti

50. The twice-born (dvijātayaḥ), having bathed in secluded and sacred spots, perform offerings of flowers (puṣpopahāram) using blossoms they have personally gathered.

Words meanings summery:

• विविक्तेषु (vivikteṣu) - in secluded, in solitary, in isolated

• च (ca) - and, also

• तीर्थेषु (tīrtheṣu) - in sacred places, in holy fords, at bathing places

• कृतस्नानाः (kṛtasnānāḥ) - those who have bathed, having performed ablutions

• द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born ones, Brahmins

• पुष्पोपहारम् (puṣpopahāram) - flower offering

• कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they do, they make, they perform

• कुसुमैः (kusumaiḥ) - with flowers

• स्वयमार्जितैः (svayamārjitaiḥ) - with self-gathered, with personally collected

Words meanings and morphology

विविक्तेषु (vivikteṣu) - in secluded, in solitary, in isolated

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of vivikta

vivikta - secluded, solitary, isolated, distinct

Past Passive Participle

From vi-vic (to separate, distinguish) + kta (ppp suffix)

Prefix: vi

Root: vic (class 7)

Note: Agrees with tīrtheṣu.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तीर्थेषु (tīrtheṣu) - in sacred places, in holy fords, at bathing places

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of tīrtha

tīrtha - sacred place, holy bathing place, ford, pilgrimage site

Root: tṝ (class 1)

कृतस्नानाः (kṛtasnānāḥ) - those who have bathed, having performed ablutions

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtasnāna

kṛtasnāna - one who has bathed, having performed ablutions

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (kṛta+snāna)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From kṛ (to do, make) + kta (ppp suffix)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• snāna – bathing, ablution, wash
  noun (neuter)
  From snā (to bathe) + ana (suffix)
  Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with dvijātayaḥ.

द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the twice-born ones, Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (epithet for Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas after initiation, or for birds, teeth as they have a 'second' birth/growth)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two
  indeclinable
• jāti – birth, origin, species
  noun (feminine)
  From jan (to be born) + ti (suffix)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Brahmins in this context.

पुष्पोपहारम् (puṣpopahāram) - flower offering

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puṣpopahāra

puṣpopahāra - offering of flowers, floral tribute

Compound type : Tatpurusha (puṣpa+upahāra)

• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
• upahāra – offering, present, gift
  noun (masculine)
  From upa-hṛ (to offer) + ghañ (suffix)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kurvanti'.

कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they do, they make, they perform

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present active third person plural

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कुसुमैः (kusumaiḥ) - with flowers

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kusuma

kusuma - flower, blossom

स्वयमार्जितैः (svayamārjitaiḥ) - with self-gathered, with personally collected

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of svayamārjita

svayamārjita - personally gathered, self-acquired, self-earned

Compound type : Tatpurusha (svayam+ārjita)

• svayam – by oneself, personally, spontaneously
  indeclinable
• ārjita – acquired, gained, earned, collected
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From ṛj (to procure, acquire) + kta (ppp suffix) with ā (prefix)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kusumaiḥ.