वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-10, verse-54

धारयन्ब्राह्मणं रूपमिल्वलः संस्कृतं वदन् ।
आमन्त्रयति विप्रान् स श्राद्धमुद्दिश्य निर्घृणः ॥५४॥

54. dhārayanbrāhmaṇaṃ rūpamilvalaḥ saṃskṛtaṃ vadan ,
āmantrayati viprān sa śrāddhamuddiśya nirghṛṇaḥ.

54. dhārayan brāhmaṇam rūpam ilvalaḥ saṃskṛtam vadan
āmantrayati viprān saḥ śrāddham uddiśya nirghṛṇaḥ

54. nirghṛṇaḥ ilvalaḥ brāhmaṇam rūpam dhārayan saṃskṛtam
vadan saḥ viprān śrāddham uddiśya āmantrayati

54. Ilvala, a merciless man, assumed the form of a Brahmin, spoke Sanskrit, and invited Brahmins for a śrāddha (ancestral ritual).

Words meanings summery:

• धारयन् (dhārayan) - assuming, holding, bearing

• ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - Brahmin's, pertaining to a Brahmin

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance, shape

• इल्वलः (ilvalaḥ) - Ilvala

• संस्कृतम् (saṁskṛtam) - Sanskrit (language), refined, purified

• वदन् (vadan) - speaking, saying

• आमन्त्रयति (āmantrayati) - invites, summons

• विप्रान् (viprān) - Brahmins

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral ritual

• उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - with reference to, aiming at, concerning

• निर्घृणः (nirghṛṇaḥ) - merciless, cruel, ruthless

Words meanings and morphology

धारयन् (dhārayan) - assuming, holding, bearing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhārayat

dhārayat - holding, bearing, assuming, maintaining

Present Active Participle

Derived from the causal stem of the root dhṛ (to hold, bear) with the śatṛ suffix.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ब्राह्मणम् (brāhmaṇam) - Brahmin's, pertaining to a Brahmin

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, relating to Brahmins, sacred, divine

Note: Here, it modifies 'rūpam' (form) and takes neuter accusative singular.

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance, shape

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

इल्वलः (ilvalaḥ) - Ilvala

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ilvala

ilvala - Ilvala (name of a demon/Asura, brother of Vātāpi)

संस्कृतम् (saṁskṛtam) - Sanskrit (language), refined, purified

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃskṛta

saṁskṛta - prepared, perfected, consecrated, refined, Sanskrit language

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root kṛ (to do) with the upasarga sam- and the kta (past passive participle) suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Here refers to the Sanskrit language, which is spoken.

वदन् (vadan) - speaking, saying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, saying, uttering

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root vad (to speak) with the śatṛ suffix.

Root: vad (class 1)

आमन्त्रयति (āmantrayati) - invites, summons

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of āmantrayati

Causal/Denominative verbal stem

Derived from the root mantr (to advise, consult) with the upasarga ā- and a causal suffix, conjugated in present tense.

Prefix: ā

Root: mantr (class 10)

विप्रान् (viprān) - Brahmins

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - a Brahmin, a sage, inspired, learned

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

श्राद्धम् (śrāddham) - ancestral ritual

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śrāddha

śrāddha - a ritual performed in honor of one's ancestors, faith, reverence

उद्दिश्य (uddiśya) - with reference to, aiming at, concerning

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root diś (to point) with the upasarga ud- and the lyap suffix (used when the root is preceded by a prefix).

Prefix: ud

Root: diś (class 6)

निर्घृणः (nirghṛṇaḥ) - merciless, cruel, ruthless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirghṛṇa

nirghṛṇa - merciless, cruel, heartless, devoid of pity