वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-10, verse-33

इति रामस्य स मुनिः श्रुत्वा धर्मात्मनो वचः ।
सुतीक्ष्णः प्रत्युवाचेदं प्रीतो दशरथात्मजम् ॥३३॥

33. iti rāmasya sa muniḥ śrutvā dharmātmano vacaḥ ,
sutīkṣṇaḥ pratyuvācedaṃ prīto daśarathātmajam.

33. iti rāmasya saḥ muniḥ śrutvā dharmātmanaḥ vacaḥ
sutīkṣṇaḥ pratyuvāca idam prītaḥ daśarathātmajam

33. iti dharmātmanaḥ rāmasya vacaḥ śrutvā saḥ muniḥ
sutīkṣṇaḥ prītaḥ idam daśarathātmajam pratyuvāca

33. Thus, that sage (muni) Sutīkṣṇa, having heard the words of Rāma, whose intrinsic nature (dharma) was righteousness, joyfully replied this to Daśaratha's son.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• धर्मात्मनः (dharmātmanaḥ) - of the righteous-souled one, of him whose intrinsic nature (dharma) was righteousness

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

• सुतीक्ष्णः (sutīkṣṇaḥ) - Sutīkṣṇa (name of the sage)

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he spoke in return

• इदम् (idam) - this

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, delighted, joyful

• दशरथात्मजम् (daśarathātmajam) - to Rāma, the son of Daśaratha (to the son of Daśaratha)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of Rāma

Rāma - Rāma (name of a Hindu deity and prince of Ayodhyā)

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (distal demonstrative pronoun)

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, a silent one, a holy man

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed from √śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

धर्मात्मनः (dharmātmanaḥ) - of the righteous-souled one, of him whose intrinsic nature (dharma) was righteousness

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - one whose soul/nature is righteousness, righteous-souled

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Could also be nominative, but here 'heard the words' implies accusative.

सुतीक्ष्णः (sutīkṣṇaḥ) - Sutīkṣṇa (name of the sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Sutīkṣṇa

Sutīkṣṇa - Sutīkṣṇa (name of a sage, lit. 'very sharp')

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - he replied, he spoke in return

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of prati-vac

Past Perfect (Liṭ) Active

Root verb, 2nd class, Parasmaipada, Liṭ lakāra (perfect tense), 3rd person singular. With prefix prati-.

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it (proximal demonstrative pronoun)

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, delighted, joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, satisfied, joyful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √prī (to please, to gladden)

Root: prī (class 9)

दशरथात्मजम् (daśarathātmajam) - to Rāma, the son of Daśaratha (to the son of Daśaratha)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daśarathātmaja

daśarathātmaja - son of Daśaratha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśaratha+ātmaja)

• daśaratha – Daśaratha (name of Rāma's father)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, offspring (lit. 'born from oneself')
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ātman (self) + √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

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