मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-50, verse-69
यत्रासनस्थास्तिष्ठत्सु गुरु-वृद्ध-द्विजातिषु ।
न तिष्ठन्ति गृहं तच्च वर्ज्यं यक्ष त्वया सदा ॥६९॥
न तिष्ठन्ति गृहं तच्च वर्ज्यं यक्ष त्वया सदा ॥६९॥
69. yatrāsanasthāstiṣṭhatsu guru-vṛddha-dvijātiṣu .
na tiṣṭhanti gṛhaṃ tacca varjyaṃ yakṣa tvayā sadā.
na tiṣṭhanti gṛhaṃ tacca varjyaṃ yakṣa tvayā sadā.
69.
yatra āsanasthāḥ tiṣṭhatsu guruvṛddhadvijātiṣu na
tiṣṭhanti gṛham tat ca varjyam yakṣa tvayā sadā
tiṣṭhanti gṛham tat ca varjyam yakṣa tvayā sadā
69.
O Yakṣa, you should always avoid that house where people remain seated and do not stand up when gurus, elders, and twice-born individuals (dvijāti) are standing.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यत्र (yatra) - where
- आसनस्थाः (āsanasthāḥ) - refers to the householders who are seated (seated, sitting on a seat)
- तिष्ठत्सु (tiṣṭhatsu) - while standing, when standing
- गुरुवृद्धद्विजातिषु (guruvṛddhadvijātiṣu) - among gurus, elders, and twice-born (dvijāti)
- न (na) - not
- तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they do not stand up (i.e., they remain seated) when others are standing, showing disrespect. (they stand, they abide, they remain)
- गृहम् (gṛham) - house, home
- तत् (tat) - referring to 'gṛham' (house) (that)
- च (ca) - and, also
- वर्ज्यम् (varjyam) - to be avoided, to be shunned
- यक्ष (yakṣa) - Addressed to a Yakṣa (O Yakṣa (a class of nature-spirits))
- त्वया (tvayā) - by you
- सदा (sadā) - always, constantly
Words meanings and morphology
यत्र (yatra) - where
(indeclinable)
आसनस्थाः (āsanasthāḥ) - refers to the householders who are seated (seated, sitting on a seat)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of āsanastha
āsanastha - seated, sitting on a seat, occupying a seat
compound of āsana (seat) and stha (standing, being)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āsana+stha)
- āsana – seat, sitting, posture
noun (neuter)
verbal noun
from root ās
Root: ās (class 2) - stha – standing, abiding, existing
adjective (masculine)
from root sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
तिष्ठत्सु (tiṣṭhatsu) - while standing, when standing
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of tiṣṭhat
tiṣṭhat - standing, abiding, existing
Present Active Participle
from root sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: part of a locative absolute construction
गुरुवृद्धद्विजातिषु (guruvṛddhadvijātiṣu) - among gurus, elders, and twice-born (dvijāti)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of guruvṛddhadvijāti
guruvṛddhadvijāti - gurus, elders, and twice-born people
Compound type : dvandva (guru+vṛddha+dvijāti)
- guru – teacher, preceptor, elder, venerable person
noun (masculine) - vṛddha – old, aged, elder, respected
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from root vṛdh
Root: vṛdh (class 1) - dvijāti – twice-born (referring to Brahmins, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas), especially a Brahmin
noun (masculine)
compound of dvi (two) and jāti (birth)
Note: part of a locative absolute construction
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they do not stand up (i.e., they remain seated) when others are standing, showing disrespect. (they stand, they abide, they remain)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sthā
present active 3rd person plural
Root: sthā (class 1)
गृहम् (gṛham) - house, home
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of gṛha
gṛha - house, home, dwelling
तत् (tat) - referring to 'gṛham' (house) (that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
वर्ज्यम् (varjyam) - to be avoided, to be shunned
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of varjya
varjya - to be avoided, to be shunned, excluded, abandoned
Gerundive
from root vṛj
Root: vṛj (class 1)
यक्ष (yakṣa) - Addressed to a Yakṣa (O Yakṣa (a class of nature-spirits))
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of yakṣa
yakṣa - a class of mythological beings, guardians of treasures, nature-spirits
त्वया (tvayā) - by you
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yūṣmad
yūṣmad - you
सदा (sadā) - always, constantly
(indeclinable)