मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-50, verse-64
पूज्यन्ते हव्यकव्याभ्यां देवताः पितरस्तथा ।
यामयोऽतिथयश्चापि तद्गेहं यक्ष वर्जय ॥६४॥
यामयोऽतिथयश्चापि तद्गेहं यक्ष वर्जय ॥६४॥
64. pūjyante havyakavyābhyāṃ devatāḥ pitarastathā .
yāmayo'tithayaścāpi tadgehaṃ yakṣa varjaya.
yāmayo'tithayaścāpi tadgehaṃ yakṣa varjaya.
64.
pūjyante havyakavyābhyām devatāḥ pitaraḥ tathā
yāmayaḥ atithayaḥ ca api tat geham yakṣa varjaya
yāmayaḥ atithayaḥ ca api tat geham yakṣa varjaya
64.
O yakṣa, shun that house where gods (devatā) and ancestors (pitṛ) are worshipped with offerings to gods (havya) and offerings to ancestors (kavya), and where kinswomen and guests are also honored.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पूज्यन्ते (pūjyante) - are worshipped (they are worshipped, they are honored)
- हव्यकव्याभ्याम् (havyakavyābhyām) - with offerings for gods (havya) and ancestors (kavya) (by means of havyas and kavyas (offerings to gods and ancestors))
- देवताः (devatāḥ) - gods (devatā) (gods, deities)
- पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (pitṛ) (fathers, ancestors)
- तथा (tathā) - and (and, similarly, thus)
- यामयः (yāmayaḥ) - female relatives (kinswomen) (sisters, kinswomen)
- अतिथयः (atithayaḥ) - guests (guests, strangers)
- च (ca) - and
- अपि (api) - also (also, even)
- तत् (tat) - that (specific) (that)
- गेहम् (geham) - the house (house, dwelling)
- यक्ष (yakṣa) - O Yakṣa! (Yakṣa (a class of nature spirits))
- वर्जय (varjaya) - you (singular) should shun/avoid (shun, avoid, exclude)
Words meanings and morphology
पूज्यन्ते (pūjyante) - are worshipped (they are worshipped, they are honored)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of pūj
Present tense, 3rd person plural, passive voice.
Root: pūj (class 10)
Note: Refers to the reverence shown in the house.
हव्यकव्याभ्याम् (havyakavyābhyām) - with offerings for gods (havya) and ancestors (kavya) (by means of havyas and kavyas (offerings to gods and ancestors))
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, dual of havyakavya
havyakavya - offerings for gods and ancestors
Dual instrumental of a compound of `havya` and `kavya`.
Compound type : dvandva (havya+kavya)
- havya – oblation for gods, fit for offering, sacrificial food
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
Derived from root `hu` (to offer sacrifice).
Root: hu (class 3) - kavya – oblation for ancestors (pitṛ), worthy of poets, poetic
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
Derived from root `kavi` (poet) or used in ritual context for ancestors.
Note: The means by which gods and ancestors are worshipped.
देवताः (devatāḥ) - gods (devatā) (gods, deities)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of devatā
devatā - divinity, godhead, deity, god
From `deva` with `tā` suffix.
Root: div (class 1)
Note: Subject of `pūjyante`.
पितरः (pitaraḥ) - ancestors (pitṛ) (fathers, ancestors)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor, forefathers
Note: Subject of `pūjyante`.
तथा (tathā) - and (and, similarly, thus)
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects `pitaraḥ` with the following list.
यामयः (yāmayaḥ) - female relatives (kinswomen) (sisters, kinswomen)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of yāmi
yāmi - sister, female relative, kinswoman
Note: Another subject of implied honor.
अतिथयः (atithayaḥ) - guests (guests, strangers)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of atithi
atithi - guest, stranger, visitor
Root: at (class 1)
Note: Another subject of implied honor.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects `atithayaḥ` to `yāmayaḥ`.
अपि (api) - also (also, even)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adds emphasis to the inclusion of kinswomen and guests.
तत् (tat) - that (specific) (that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, this, he, she, it
Note: Modifies `geham`.
गेहम् (geham) - the house (house, dwelling)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of geha
geha - house, abode, dwelling
Note: Object of the command.
यक्ष (yakṣa) - O Yakṣa! (Yakṣa (a class of nature spirits))
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of yakṣa
yakṣa - a class of semi-divine beings, usually benevolent, guardians of wealth
Note: The addressee of the instruction.
वर्जय (varjaya) - you (singular) should shun/avoid (shun, avoid, exclude)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of varj
Imperative, 2nd person singular.
Root: vṛj (class 1)
Note: The main verb of the instruction.