महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-61, verse-73

आहिताग्निं सदायज्ञं कृशभृत्यं प्रियातिथिम् ।
ये भरन्ति द्विजश्रेष्ठं नोपसर्पन्ति ते यमम् ॥७३॥

73. āhitāgniṁ sadāyajñaṁ kṛśabhṛtyaṁ priyātithim ,
ye bharanti dvijaśreṣṭhaṁ nopasarpanti te yamam.

73. āhitāgnim sadāyajñam kṛśabhṛtyam priyātithim ye
bharanti dvijaśreṣṭham na upasaranti te yamam

73. ye āhitāgnim sadāyajñam kṛśabhṛtyam priyātithim
dvijaśreṣṭham bharanti te yamam na upasaranti

73. Those who support an excellent Brahmin (dvijaśreṣṭha) who maintains the sacred fires (āhitāgni), always performs Vedic rituals (yajña), has humble servants, and is fond of guests—they do not approach Yama (the god of death).

Words meanings summery:

• आहिताग्निम् (āhitāgnim) - the Brahmin who has established the sacred fires (one who has established the sacred fires)

• सदायज्ञम् (sadāyajñam) - the Brahmin who always performs Vedic rituals (one who always performs Vedic rituals)

• कृशभृत्यम् (kṛśabhṛtyam) - the Brahmin whose servants are humble (implying the Brahmin is generous and gives away wealth) (one whose servants are meager/humble)

• प्रियातिथिम् (priyātithim) - the Brahmin who is fond of guests (one who is fond of guests)

• ये (ye) - those who

• भरन्ति (bharanti) - support, maintain, nourish

• द्विजश्रेष्ठम् (dvijaśreṣṭham) - the best among the twice-born (Brahmins)

• न (na) - not

• उपसरन्ति (upasaranti) - do not approach (Yama) (approach, go near)

• ते (te) - they

• यमम् (yamam) - Yama (the god of death)

Words meanings and morphology

आहिताग्निम् (āhitāgnim) - the Brahmin who has established the sacred fires (one who has established the sacred fires)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āhitāgni

āhitāgni - one who has consecrated and maintains the sacred fires

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āhita+agni)

• āhita – placed, deposited, consecrated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of √dhā 'to place' with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• agni – fire, sacred fire
  noun (masculine)

सदायज्ञम् (sadāyajñam) - the Brahmin who always performs Vedic rituals (one who always performs Vedic rituals)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sadāyajña

sadāyajña - always performing Vedic rituals; having perpetual Vedic rituals

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sadā+yajña)

• sadā – always, perpetually, constantly
  indeclinable
• yajña – Vedic ritual, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)

कृशभृत्यम् (kṛśabhṛtyam) - the Brahmin whose servants are humble (implying the Brahmin is generous and gives away wealth) (one whose servants are meager/humble)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛśabhṛtya

kṛśabhṛtya - having meager/humble servants; whose servants are poorly off

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛśa+bhṛtya)

• kṛśa – meager, thin, lean, poor, humble
  adjective (masculine)
• bhṛtya – servant, dependant, hireling
  noun (masculine)

प्रियातिथिम् (priyātithim) - the Brahmin who is fond of guests (one who is fond of guests)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of priyātithi

priyātithi - fond of guests, hospitable; having dear guests

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (priya+atithi)

• priya – dear, beloved, favorite, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• atithi – guest, stranger, visitor
  noun (masculine)

ये (ye) - those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

भरन्ति (bharanti) - support, maintain, nourish

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bharanti

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice of √bhṛ.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

द्विजश्रेष्ठम् (dvijaśreṣṭham) - the best among the twice-born (Brahmins)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dvijaśreṣṭha

dvijaśreṣṭha - best among the twice-born; excellent Brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+śreṣṭha)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya); bird; tooth
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

उपसरन्ति (upasaranti) - do not approach (Yama) (approach, go near)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of upasaranti

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice of √sṛp 'to creep, move' with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: sṛp (class 1)

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - he, that, it

यमम् (yamam) - Yama (the god of death)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yama

yama - Yama (the god of death), restraint, self-control

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