महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-61, verse-12

नामास्याः प्रियदत्तेति गुह्यं देव्याः सनातनम् ।
दानं वाप्यथ वा ज्ञानं नाम्नोऽस्याः परमं प्रियम् ।
तस्मात्प्राप्यैव पृथिवीं दद्याद्विप्राय पार्थिवः ॥१२॥

12. nāmāsyāḥ priyadatteti guhyaṁ devyāḥ sanātanam ,
dānaṁ vāpyatha vā jñānaṁ nāmno'syāḥ paramaṁ priyam ,
tasmātprāpyaiva pṛthivīṁ dadyādviprāya pārthivaḥ.

12. nāma asyāḥ priyadattā iti guhyam devyāḥ
sanātanam dānam vā api atha vā jñānam
nāmnas asyāḥ paramam priyam tasmāt prāpya
eva pṛthivīm dadyāt viprāya pārthivaḥ

12. Her secret, eternal name, as the Goddess, is Priyadattā. Whether it is an act of giving (dāna) or knowledge, these are supremely dear to her name. Therefore, a king, having acquired the Earth, should give it to a brahmin.

Words meanings summery:

• नाम (nāma) - name

• अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of her, her

• प्रियदत्ता (priyadattā) - "gift of love", a proper name

• इति (iti) - thus, so, marking direct speech/thought

• गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret, hidden

• देव्याः (devyāḥ) - of the Goddess

• सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, ancient

• दानम् (dānam) - giving, gift (dāna)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अपि (api) - also, even, and

• अथ (atha) - then, next, now

• वा (vā) - or, either

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge

• नाम्नस् (nāmnas) - of the name

• अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of her, her

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, most dear

• प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having acquired

• एव (eva) - alone, indeed, only

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the Earth

• दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give

• विप्राय (viprāya) - to a brahmin

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - a king

Words meanings and morphology

नाम (nāma) - name

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name

अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of her, her

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, her

प्रियदत्ता (priyadattā) - "gift of love", a proper name

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of priyadattā

priyadattā - given by the beloved, beloved gift (proper name)

Compound type : tatpurusha (priya+dattā)

• priya – dear, beloved
  adjective (masculine)
• dattā – given
  Past Passive Participle (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

इति (iti) - thus, so, marking direct speech/thought

(indeclinable)

गुह्यम् (guhyam) - secret, hidden

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of guhya

guhya - secret, hidden

Gerundive

from root guh (to conceal)

Root: guh (class 1)

देव्याः (devyāḥ) - of the Goddess

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, queen

सनातनम् (sanātanam) - eternal, ancient

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, ancient, perpetual

दानम् (dānam) - giving, gift (dāna)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, gift, donation

kṛt suffix

from root dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, and

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - knowledge

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom

Root: jñā (class 9)

नाम्नस् (nāmnas) - of the name

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name

अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of her, her

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, her

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, most dear

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, excellent

प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having acquired

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

from root āp, with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

एव (eva) - alone, indeed, only

(indeclinable)

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - the Earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, world

दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of dā

Optative Active

Optative mood, 3rd class root dā

Root: dā (class 3)

विप्राय (viprāya) - to a brahmin

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - brahmin, inspired, wise

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - a king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, earthly, pertaining to earth

derived from pṛthivī (earth)