महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-61, verse-38

अथ येषामधर्मज्ञो राजा भवति नास्तिकः ।
न ते सुखं प्रबुध्यन्ते न सुखं प्रस्वपन्ति च ॥३८॥

38. atha yeṣāmadharmajño rājā bhavati nāstikaḥ ,
na te sukhaṁ prabudhyante na sukhaṁ prasvapanti ca.

38. atha yeṣām adharmaprajñaḥ rājā bhavati nāstikaḥ na
te sukham prabudhyante na sukham prasvapanti ca

38. atha yeṣām rājā adharmaprajñaḥ nāstikaḥ bhavati te
sukham na prabudhyante sukham na prasvapanti ca

38. Now, those people whose king is ignorant of natural law (dharma) and disbelieving, do not wake up happily, nor do they sleep soundly.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - now, in this context (now, then, moreover)

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose (referring to the subjects/people) (whose, of whom)

• अधर्मप्रज्ञः (adharmaprajñaḥ) - a king who is ignorant of natural law (dharma) (ignorant of dharma, unrighteous)

• राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

• भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes (is, becomes, exists)

• नास्तिकः (nāstikaḥ) - disbelieving (in the principles of dharma) (disbeliever, atheist, heterodox)

• न (na) - not (not, nor)

• ते (te) - they (the people whose king is such) (they, those)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happily, soundly (for sleep) (happiness, joy, pleasure, ease)

• प्रबुध्यन्ते (prabudhyante) - they wake up (they wake up, they become enlightened)

• न (na) - not (not, nor)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happily, soundly (for sleep) (happiness, joy, pleasure, ease)

• प्रस्वपन्ति (prasvapanti) - they sleep soundly (they sleep)

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - now, in this context (now, then, moreover)

(indeclinable)

येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose (referring to the subjects/people) (whose, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: masculine/neuter genitive plural

अधर्मप्रज्ञः (adharmaprajñaḥ) - a king who is ignorant of natural law (dharma) (ignorant of dharma, unrighteous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharmaprajña

adharmaprajña - ignorant of dharma, unrighteous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+dharma+prajña)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteous conduct, duty
  noun (masculine)
• prajña – knowing, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies rājā

राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes (is, becomes, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

present active indicative

3rd person singular present active

Root: bhū (class 1)

नास्तिकः (nāstikaḥ) - disbelieving (in the principles of dharma) (disbeliever, atheist, heterodox)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāstika

nāstika - disbeliever, atheist, one who denies the authority of the Vedas or the afterlife

Note: Qualifies rājā

न (na) - not (not, nor)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they (the people whose king is such) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: masculine nominative plural

सुखम् (sukham) - happily, soundly (for sleep) (happiness, joy, pleasure, ease)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, ease

Note: Used adverbially.

प्रबुध्यन्ते (prabudhyante) - they wake up (they wake up, they become enlightened)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of budh

present middle indicative

3rd person plural present middle, with pra prefix

Prefix: pra

Root: budh (class 4)

न (na) - not (not, nor)

(indeclinable)

सुखम् (sukham) - happily, soundly (for sleep) (happiness, joy, pleasure, ease)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, ease

Note: Used adverbially.

प्रस्वपन्ति (prasvapanti) - they sleep soundly (they sleep)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of svap

present active indicative

3rd person plural present active, with pra prefix

Prefix: pra

Root: svap (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'na...na...' to mean 'neither...nor...'