महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-61, verse-54

ये शूरा निहता युद्धे स्वर्याता दानगृद्धिनः ।
सर्वे ते विबुधश्रेष्ठ नातिक्रामन्ति भूमिदम् ॥५४॥

54. ye śūrā nihatā yuddhe svaryātā dānagṛddhinaḥ ,
sarve te vibudhaśreṣṭha nātikrāmanti bhūmidam.

54. ye śūrāḥ nihatāḥ yuddhe svaryātāḥ dānagṛddhinaḥ
sarve te vibudhaśreṣṭha na atikrāmanti bhūmidam

54. vibudhaśreṣṭha ye śūrāḥ yuddhe nihatāḥ svaryātāḥ
dānagṛddhinaḥ te sarve bhūmidam na atikrāmanti

54. O best among the wise, those heroes who are killed in battle, ascended to heaven, and are desirous of rewards—all of them do not surpass the giver of land.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - those (heroes) (those, which, who)

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes (heroes, warriors, brave ones)

• निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed (killed, struck down, destroyed)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war, in combat)

• स्वर्याताः (svaryātāḥ) - gone to heaven (gone to heaven, ascended to heaven)

• दानगृद्धिनः (dānagṛddhinaḥ) - desirous of rewards (greedy for gifts, desirous of rewards, eager for gifts)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (all, every)

• ते (te) - they (they, those)

• विबुधश्रेष्ठ (vibudhaśreṣṭha) - O best among the wise (O best among the wise, O best among gods)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अतिक्रामन्ति (atikrāmanti) - they surpass (they surpass, they overcome, they transgress)

• भूमिदम् (bhūmidam) - the giver of land

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - those (heroes) (those, which, who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes (heroes, warriors, brave ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave, valiant

निहताः (nihatāḥ) - killed (killed, struck down, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying 'śūrāḥ'

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle (in battle, in war, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

From root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

स्वर्याताः (svaryātāḥ) - gone to heaven (gone to heaven, ascended to heaven)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of svaryāta

svaryāta - gone to heaven

Past Passive Participle

Compound of svar (heaven) and yāta (gone, PPP of yā)

Compound type : tatpurusha (svar+yāta)

• svar – heaven, sky
  indeclinable
• yāta – gone, arrived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yā (to go)
  Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'śūrāḥ'

दानगृद्धिनः (dānagṛddhinaḥ) - desirous of rewards (greedy for gifts, desirous of rewards, eager for gifts)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dānagṛddhin

dānagṛddhin - greedy for gifts, covetous of gifts

Compound of dāna (gift, giving) and gṛddhin (greedy, desirous)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dāna+gṛddhin)

• dāna – gift, giving, charity
  noun (neuter)
  From root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)
• gṛddhin – greedy, covetous, desirous
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gṛdh (to covet, be greedy)
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'śūrāḥ'

सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying the implied pronoun 'they'

ते (te) - they (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Note: Demonstrative pronoun

विबुधश्रेष्ठ (vibudhaśreṣṭha) - O best among the wise (O best among the wise, O best among gods)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibudhaśreṣṭha

vibudhaśreṣṭha - best among the wise, chief of the gods

Compound of vibudha (wise, god) and śreṣṭha (best)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vibudha+śreṣṭha)

• vibudha – wise, learned, god
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of praśasya (excellent)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle

अतिक्रामन्ति (atikrāmanti) - they surpass (they surpass, they overcome, they transgress)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of atikram

Prefix: ati

Root: kram (class 1)

भूमिदम् (bhūmidam) - the giver of land

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhūmida

bhūmida - giver of land

Compound of bhūmi (earth, land) and da (giver, from root dā)

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (bhūmi+da)

• bhūmi – earth, land, ground
  noun (feminine)
• da – giver, bestower
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)