महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-61, verse-50

भगवन्केन दानेन स्वर्गतः सुखमेधते ।
यदक्षयं महार्घं च तद्ब्रूहि वदतां वर ॥५०॥

50. bhagavankena dānena svargataḥ sukhamedhate ,
yadakṣayaṁ mahārghaṁ ca tadbrūhi vadatāṁ vara.

50. bhagavan kena dānena svargataḥ sukham edhate
yat akṣayam mahārgham ca tat brūhi vadatām vara

50. O Lord, O best among speakers, by what kind of donation does happiness in heaven increase? Tell me about that which is imperishable and highly valuable.

Words meanings summery:

• भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Lord, O Respected One

• केन (kena) - by what, with what

• दानेन (dānena) - by donation, by giving, by gift

• स्वर्गतः (svargataḥ) - in heaven (from heaven, in heaven, concerning heaven)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, ease

• एधते (edhate) - grows, increases, prospers, flourishes

• यत् (yat) - which, that which

• अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, undiminishing, eternal

• महार्घम् (mahārgham) - very valuable, highly precious, expensive

• च (ca) - and, also

• तत् (tat) - that (kind of donation) (that, that one)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak, say

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of those speaking, of speakers

• वर (vara) - O best (best, excellent, boon, choice)

Words meanings and morphology

भगवन् (bhagavan) - O Lord, O Respected One

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - blessed, glorious, divine, illustrious; a title for deities or revered persons

केन (kena) - by what, with what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

दानेन (dānena) - by donation, by giving, by gift

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - act of giving, donation, gift

From root 'dā' (to give)

Root: dā

स्वर्गतः (svargataḥ) - in heaven (from heaven, in heaven, concerning heaven)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'svarga' (heaven) with the suffix '-taḥ'

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, joy, ease

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, comfort, ease

एधते (edhate) - grows, increases, prospers, flourishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of edh

Present Tense

Root `edh` (1st class, Ātmanepada)

Root: edh (class 1)

यत् (yat) - which, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, undiminishing, eternal

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akṣaya

akṣaya - imperishable, undecaying, everlasting

From 'a' (not) + 'kṣaya' (perishable)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kṣaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kṣaya – perishable, destruction, decline
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi

महार्घम् (mahārgham) - very valuable, highly precious, expensive

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahārgha

mahārgha - very valuable, highly prized

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+argha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• argha – value, price, worth
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (kind of donation) (that, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak, say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Mood

Root `brū` (2nd class, Parasmaipada)

Root: brū (class 2)

वदताम् (vadatām) - of those speaking, of speakers

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, talking (present participle)

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'vad' (to speak)

Root: vad (class 1)

वर (vara) - O best (best, excellent, boon, choice)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon, husband