महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-290, verse-82

आत्मना विप्रहीणानि काष्ठकुड्यसमानि तु ।
विनश्यन्ति न संदेहः फेना इव महार्णवे ॥८२॥

82. ātmanā viprahīṇāni kāṣṭhakuḍyasamāni tu ,
vinaśyanti na saṁdehaḥ phenā iva mahārṇave.

82. ātmanā viprahīṇāni kāṣṭhakuḍyasamāni tu
vinaśyanti na saṃdehaḥ phenāḥ iva mahārṇave

82. ātmanā viprahīṇāni tu kāṣṭhakuḍyasamāni
vinaśyanti na saṃdehaḥ mahārṇave phenāḥ iva

82. When separated from the self (ātman), they become like wood and walls. They perish, there is no doubt, just like foam in the great ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the self (ātman) (by the self, by the soul, by oneself)

• विप्रहीणानि (viprahīṇāni) - separated from (abandoned, deprived of, devoid of, separated from)

• काष्ठकुड्यसमानि (kāṣṭhakuḍyasamāni) - like wood and walls (lifeless and inert) (similar to wood and walls)

• तु (tu) - just, indeed (emphasizing) (but, and, on the other hand)

• विनश्यन्ति (vinaśyanti) - they perish (they perish, are destroyed, disappear)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• संदेहः (saṁdehaḥ) - doubt (doubt, suspicion, uncertainty)

• फेनाः (phenāḥ) - foam (plural) (foams, bubbles, froth)

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

• महार्णवे (mahārṇave) - in the great ocean

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by the self (ātman) (by the self, by the soul, by oneself)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, breath

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Denotes agency of separation (separated *from* the ātman).

विप्रहीणानि (viprahīṇāni) - separated from (abandoned, deprived of, devoid of, separated from)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of viprahīṇa

viprahīṇa - abandoned, deprived of, devoid of, separated from

Past Passive Participle

`vi` (prefix) + `pra` (prefix) + `hā` (root, to abandon) + `kta` (past participle suffix).

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies an implied subject (like `indriyāṇi` or `śarīrāṇi`).

काष्ठकुड्यसमानि (kāṣṭhakuḍyasamāni) - like wood and walls (lifeless and inert) (similar to wood and walls)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of kāṣṭhakuḍyasamāna

kāṣṭhakuḍyasamāna - similar to wood and walls

Compound.

Compound type : dvandva (kāṣṭha+kuḍya+samāna)

• kāṣṭha – wood, piece of wood, timber
  noun (neuter)
• kuḍya – wall (of a house), mud wall
  noun (neuter)
• samāna – similar, equal, same, like
  adjective

Note: Qualifies the implied subject, acting as a predicate adjective.

तु (tu) - just, indeed (emphasizing) (but, and, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

विनश्यन्ति (vinaśyanti) - they perish (they perish, are destroyed, disappear)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of naś

Present Tense, Active Voice

`vi` (prefix) + root `naś` (class 4).

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Verb for the implied subject (senses/body).

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Particle of negation.

Note: Negates `saṃdehaḥ`.

संदेहः (saṁdehaḥ) - doubt (doubt, suspicion, uncertainty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃdeha

saṁdeha - doubt, suspicion, uncertainty

From `sam` (with) + `dih` (to smear, to grow) + `ghaṇ` (suffix).

Prefix: sam

Root: dih

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

फेनाः (phenāḥ) - foam (plural) (foams, bubbles, froth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of phena

phena - foam, froth, bubble

From root `phi` (to swell, to spurt)

Root: phi

Note: Subject in the simile.

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating comparison.

Note: Connects the simile.

महार्णवे (mahārṇave) - in the great ocean

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahārṇava

mahārṇava - great ocean

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+arṇava)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• arṇava – ocean, sea, flood, wave
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative of place.