महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-290, verse-24

ज्ञात्वा सत्त्वयुतं देहं वृतं षोडशभिर्गुणैः ।
स्वभावं चेतनां चैव ज्ञात्वा वै देहमाश्रिते ॥२४॥

24. jñātvā sattvayutaṁ dehaṁ vṛtaṁ ṣoḍaśabhirguṇaiḥ ,
svabhāvaṁ cetanāṁ caiva jñātvā vai dehamāśrite.

24. jñātvā sattvayutam deham vṛtam ṣoḍaśabhiḥ guṇaiḥ
svabhāvam cetanām ca eva jñātvā vai deham āśrite

24. sattvayutam deham ṣoḍaśabhiḥ guṇaiḥ vṛtam jñātvā
ca eva svabhāvam cetanām vai jñātvā deham āśrite

24. Having recognized the body, which is endowed with the quality of goodness (sattva) and enveloped by sixteen constituents; and having truly discerned one's own essential nature and consciousness (cetana)—this is for the self that resides within the body.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having understood, having discerned (having known, having understood)

• सत्त्वयुतम् (sattvayutam) - endowed with the quality of goodness (sattva) (endowed with goodness, connected with sattva)

• देहम् (deham) - the physical body (body)

• वृतम् (vṛtam) - encompassed, surrounded (covered, enveloped, surrounded)

• षोडशभिः (ṣoḍaśabhiḥ) - by sixteen (constituents) (by sixteen)

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by constituents, by qualities (guṇas or other principles) (by qualities, by strands, by properties)

• स्वभावम् (svabhāvam) - one's own essential nature (one's own nature, inherent disposition)

• चेतनाम् (cetanām) - consciousness (cetana) (consciousness, intelligence, feeling)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - truly, indeed (emphatic) (indeed, only, just)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having understood, having discerned (having known, having understood)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, verily)

• देहम् (deham) - the body (body)

• आश्रिते (āśrite) - for the one who resides in (the body), for the embodied self (in the one who has resorted, in the one who dwells)

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having understood, having discerned (having known, having understood)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √jñā.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Its subject is implied to be the 'āśrite' person.

सत्त्वयुतम् (sattvayutam) - endowed with the quality of goodness (sattva) (endowed with goodness, connected with sattva)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sattvayuta

sattvayuta - endowed with sattva, connected with goodness, possessing reality

Compound of 'sattva' (goodness) and 'yuta' (joined, endowed).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sattva+yuta)

• sattva – being, existence, reality, essence, goodness, purity, one of the three guṇas
  noun (neuter)
  From √as (to be) + -tva suffix.
  Root: as (class 2)
• yuta – joined, united, endowed with, possessed of
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √yuj.
  Root: yuj (class 7)

देहम् (deham) - the physical body (body)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, person, incarnation

From root √dih (to smear, to grow thick).

Root: dih (class 1)

Note: Object of 'jñātvā'.

वृतम् (vṛtam) - encompassed, surrounded (covered, enveloped, surrounded)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen, appointed, existent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √vṛ (to cover, enclose).

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Adjective form of the past passive participle.

षोडशभिः (ṣoḍaśabhiḥ) - by sixteen (constituents) (by sixteen)

(numeral)

Note: Refers to 'sixteen qualities' or principles.

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by constituents, by qualities (guṇas or other principles) (by qualities, by strands, by properties)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, strand (of prakṛti), constituent

Note: Agent of 'vṛtam'.

स्वभावम् (svabhāvam) - one's own essential nature (one's own nature, inherent disposition)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svabhāva

svabhāva - one's own nature, inherent disposition, essential property, constitution

Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'bhāva' (being, state).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sva+bhāva)

• sva – own, one's own, self
  pronoun
• bhāva – being, existence, state, condition, disposition, nature
  noun (masculine)
  From root √bhū (to be, exist).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'jñātvā'.

चेतनाम् (cetanām) - consciousness (cetana) (consciousness, intelligence, feeling)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of cetanā

cetanā - consciousness, intelligence, mind, perception, animation

From root √cit (to perceive, observe, know).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Object of 'jñātvā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - truly, indeed (emphatic) (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having understood, having discerned (having known, having understood)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √jñā.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Repeats the absolutive, strengthening the sense of multiple acts of knowing.

वै (vai) - indeed (emphatic) (indeed, verily)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle, often used to introduce a statement.

देहम् (deham) - the body (body)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, person, incarnation

From root √dih (to smear, to grow thick).

Root: dih (class 1)

Note: Object of the implied meaning of 'āśrite'.

आश्रिते (āśrite) - for the one who resides in (the body), for the embodied self (in the one who has resorted, in the one who dwells)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āśrita

āśrita - dependent on, resorted to, sought refuge in, residing in, one who has taken refuge

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √śri with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Acts as a locative agent, 'in the case of the one residing in the body.'