महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-290, verse-28

प्रजापतीनृषींश्चैव मार्गांश्च सुबहून्वरान् ।
सप्तर्षींश्च बहूञ्ज्ञात्वा राजर्षींश्च परंतप ॥२८॥

28. prajāpatīnṛṣīṁścaiva mārgāṁśca subahūnvarān ,
saptarṣīṁśca bahūñjñātvā rājarṣīṁśca paraṁtapa.

28. prajāpatīn ṛṣīn ca eva mārgān ca subahūn varān
saptarṣīn ca bahūn jñātvā rājarṣīn ca paraṃtapa

28. paraṃtapa,
prajāpatīn ca eva ṛṣīn,
ca subahūn varān mārgān,
ca saptarṣīn,
ca bahūn rājarṣīn jñātvā (jñeyam asti).

28. O tormentor of foes (parantapa), having understood the Prajāpatis, and indeed the sages (ṛṣi), and very many excellent paths, and the Seven Sages (saptarṣi), and many royal sages (rājarṣi)...

Words meanings summery:

• प्रजापतीन् (prajāpatīn) - the Prajāpatis (cosmic progenitors or creators) (Prajāpatis, lords of creation, progenitors)

• ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - the ancient sages (ṛṣi) (sages, seers, inspired poets)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, quite)

• मार्गान् (mārgān) - paths, spiritual or philosophical ways (paths, ways, roads, doctrines)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many (very many, very numerous)

• वरान् (varān) - excellent (excellent, best, noble; boons)

• सप्तर्षीन् (saptarṣīn) - the Seven Sages (saptarṣi) (the Seven Sages (Ursa Major constellation, or specific ancient sages))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• बहून् (bahūn) - many (many, much)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having thoroughly understood (having known, having understood, having ascertained)

• राजर्षीन् (rājarṣīn) - royal sages (rājarṣi), kings who attained sagehood (royal sages, king-sages)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes (an epithet for a king/warrior) (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रजापतीन् (prajāpatīn) - the Prajāpatis (cosmic progenitors or creators) (Prajāpatis, lords of creation, progenitors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prajāpati

prajāpati - lord of creation, progenitor, creator, a specific class of divine beings

Compound of prajā (progeny, creation) + pati (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (prajā+pati)

• prajā – progeny, creatures, subjects, people
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'jñātvā'.

ऋषीन् (ṛṣīn) - the ancient sages (ṛṣi) (sages, seers, inspired poets)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic hymn composer

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'jñātvā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'Prajāpatis' and 'ṛṣīn'.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, quite)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word 'ṛṣīn'.

मार्गान् (mārgān) - paths, spiritual or philosophical ways (paths, ways, roads, doctrines)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, course, track, doctrine

From root mṛj (to wipe, clean), or mṛg (to seek)

Root: mṛj (class 2)

Note: Object of 'jñātvā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'ṛṣīn' and 'mārgān'.

सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many (very many, very numerous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of subahu

subahu - very many, very numerous, very abundant

Compound of su- (very, good) + bahu (many)

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+bahu)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• bahu – many, much, abundant
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'mārgān'.

वरान् (varān) - excellent (excellent, best, noble; boons)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest, noble, a boon

From root vṛ (to choose, to prefer)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'mārgān'.

सप्तर्षीन् (saptarṣīn) - the Seven Sages (saptarṣi) (the Seven Sages (Ursa Major constellation, or specific ancient sages))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saptarṣi

saptarṣi - the seven sages, Ursa Major constellation

Compound of saptan (seven) + ṛṣi (sage)

Compound type : dvigu (saptan+ṛṣi)

• saptan – seven
  numeral
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'jñātvā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'mārgān' and 'saptarṣīn'.

बहून् (bahūn) - many (many, much)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, abundant

Note: Agrees with 'rājarṣīn'.

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having thoroughly understood (having known, having understood, having ascertained)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Absolutive form of root jñā (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Implies an action to be performed by the listener (king).

राजर्षीन् (rājarṣīn) - royal sages (rājarṣi), kings who attained sagehood (royal sages, king-sages)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, king who is also a sage

Compound of rājan (king) + ṛṣi (sage)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'jñātvā'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'saptarṣīn' and 'rājarṣīn'.

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O tormentor of foes (an epithet for a king/warrior) (O tormentor of foes, O subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormentor of foes, subduer of enemies, hero

Compound of param (foe, enemy) + tapa (burning, afflicting, from root tap 'to heat, torment')

Compound type : tatpurusha (param+tapa)

• param – other, enemy, highest, supreme
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – heating, tormenting, asceticism
  noun (masculine)
  From root tap (to heat, torment, practice austerity)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Address to the listener, the king.