महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-290, verse-58

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तमः श्वभ्रनिभं दृष्ट्वा वर्षबुद्बुदसंनिभम् ।
नाशप्रायं सुखाद्धीनं नाशोत्तरमभावगम् ।
रजस्तमसि संमग्नं पङ्के द्विपमिवावशम् ॥५८॥

58. tamaḥ śvabhranibhaṁ dṛṣṭvā varṣabudbudasaṁnibham ,
nāśaprāyaṁ sukhāddhīnaṁ nāśottaramabhāvagam ,
rajastamasi saṁmagnaṁ paṅke dvipamivāvaśam.

58. tamaḥ śvabhranibham dṛṣṭvā
varṣabudbudasaṃnibham nāśaprāyam sukhāt hīnam
nāśa-uttaram abhāvagām rajaḥ tamasi
saṃmagnam paṅke dvipam iva avaśam

58. (lokam) tamaḥ śvabhranibham
varṣabudbudasaṃnibham nāśaprāyam sukhāt hīnam
nāśa-uttaram abhāvagām rajaḥ tamasi
saṃmagnam paṅke avaśam dvipam iva dṛṣṭvā

58. Having seen (this world) as dark like a chasm, resembling a rain bubble, prone to destruction, devoid of happiness, leading to non-existence after its perishing, immersed in passion (rajas) and ignorance (tamas), and helpless like an elephant stuck in mud.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, gloom, ignorance, quality of inertia (tamas)

श्वभ्रनिभम् (śvabhranibham) - like a chasm, resembling a pit

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

वर्षबुद्बुदसंनिभम् (varṣabudbudasaṁnibham) - resembling a rain bubble

नाशप्रायम् (nāśaprāyam) - prone to destruction, mostly destruction

सुखात् (sukhāt) - from happiness, from joy

हीनम् (hīnam) - devoid of, deprived of, deficient, abandoned

नाश-उत्तरम् (nāśa-uttaram) - after destruction, consequent to destruction

अभावगाम् (abhāvagām) - leading to non-existence, reaching non-existence

रजः (rajaḥ) - dust, passion, activity, quality of passion (rajas)

तमसि (tamasi) - in darkness, in ignorance, in the quality of inertia (tamas)

संमग्नम् (saṁmagnam) - immersed, sunk, plunged

पङ्के (paṅke) - in mud, in mire

द्विपम् (dvipam) - elephant

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

अवशम् (avaśam) - helpless, powerless, uncontrolled

Words meanings and morphology

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, gloom, ignorance, quality of inertia (tamas)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, inertia, one of the three guṇas (tamas)

Note: Refers to the state of the world/existence.

श्वभ्रनिभम् (śvabhranibham) - like a chasm, resembling a pit

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śvabhranibha

śvabhranibha - resembling a chasm/pit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvabhra+nibha)

śvabhra – chasm, abyss, pit, hole
noun (masculine)
nibha – like, resembling, similar
adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implicit 'lokam' or 'existence'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वर्षबुद्बुदसंनिभम् (varṣabudbudasaṁnibham) - resembling a rain bubble

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣabudbudasaṃnibha

varṣabudbudasaṁnibha - resembling a rain bubble (ephemeral)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣa+budbuda+saṃnibha)

varṣa – rain, rainy season, year
noun (masculine)
budbuda – bubble
noun (masculine)
saṃnibha – resembling, similar, like
adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implicit 'lokam' or 'existence'.

नाशप्रायम् (nāśaprāyam) - prone to destruction, mostly destruction

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāśaprāya

nāśaprāya - prone to destruction, mostly destruction, near destruction

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāśa+prāya)

nāśa – destruction, ruin, loss
noun (masculine)
Root: naś (class 4)
prāya – mostly, near, almost, akin to
adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implicit 'lokam' or 'existence'.

सुखात् (sukhāt) - from happiness, from joy

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, ease

हीनम् (hīnam) - devoid of, deprived of, deficient, abandoned

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hīna

hīna - devoid of, deprived of, inferior, abandoned, left

Past Passive Participle

From root hā (to abandon, to leave)

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with implicit 'lokam' or 'existence'.

नाश-उत्तरम् (nāśa-uttaram) - after destruction, consequent to destruction

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nāśa-uttara

nāśa-uttara - after destruction, following ruin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāśa+uttara)

nāśa – destruction, ruin, loss
noun (masculine)
Root: naś (class 4)
uttara – later, subsequent, after, northern, superior
adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implicit 'lokam' or 'existence'.

अभावगाम् (abhāvagām) - leading to non-existence, reaching non-existence

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhāvagā

abhāvagā - going to non-existence, tending to annihilation

Compound of abhāva (non-existence) and gā (going).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhāva+gā)

abhāva – non-existence, annihilation, absence
noun (masculine)
Compound of a (not) + bhāva (existence).
gā – going, moving, leading to
adjective (feminine)
Agent Noun/Derivative
From root gam (to go)
Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implicit 'lokam' or 'existence'.

रजः (rajaḥ) - dust, passion, activity, quality of passion (rajas)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, passion, activity, energy, one of the three guṇas (rajas)

Note: Here it's part of a combination with tamasi, implying an object 'immersed in rajas and tamas'.

तमसि (tamasi) - in darkness, in ignorance, in the quality of inertia (tamas)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, inertia, one of the three guṇas (tamas)

संमग्नम् (saṁmagnam) - immersed, sunk, plunged

(adjective)