महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-290, verse-11

प्राप्ते काले च यद्दुःखं पततां विषयैषिणाम् ।
तिर्यक्च पततां दुःखं पततां नरके च यत् ॥११॥

11. prāpte kāle ca yadduḥkhaṁ patatāṁ viṣayaiṣiṇām ,
tiryakca patatāṁ duḥkhaṁ patatāṁ narake ca yat.

11. prāpte kāle ca yat duḥkham patatām viṣayaiṣiṇām
tiryāk ca patatām duḥkham patatām narake ca yat

11. prāpte kāle viṣayaiṣiṇām patatām ca yat duḥkham,
tiryāk patatām ca duḥkham,
narake patatām ca yat (duḥkham)

11. And the suffering that befalls those who desire sense objects (viṣaya) when their destined time arrives, as well as the pain of those who fall into animal existences, and the suffering of those who fall into hell.

Words meanings summery:

• प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when the destined time has arrived (when arrived, having obtained, when obtained)

• काले (kāle) - at the appropriate or destined time (at the time, in time)

• च (ca) - and, indicating addition (and, also)

• यत् (yat) - which (suffering) (which, that (relative pronoun))

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - the pain or misery experienced (suffering, pain, sorrow)

• पतताम् (patatām) - of those who are falling (into lower states of existence) (of those falling, of those descending)

• विषयैषिणाम् (viṣayaiṣiṇām) - of those individuals whose desires are focused on sense objects (viṣaya) (of those desiring sense objects, of those addicted to worldly enjoyments)

• तिर्याक् (tiryāk) - falling into animal births/existences (as animals, obliquely, horizontally)

• च (ca) - and, indicating addition (and, also)

• पतताम् (patatām) - of those who are falling (into animal existences) (of those falling, of those descending)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - the pain or misery experienced (suffering, pain, sorrow)

• पतताम् (patatām) - of those who are falling (into hell) (of those falling, of those descending)

• नरके (narake) - in a state of hellish suffering (in hell, in a hellish realm)

• च (ca) - and, indicating addition (and, also)

• यत् (yat) - which (suffering) (which, that (relative pronoun))

Words meanings and morphology

प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when the destined time has arrived (when arrived, having obtained, when obtained)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, arrived, acquired

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix 'pra' and root 'āp' (to obtain).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'kāle'.

काले (kāle) - at the appropriate or destined time (at the time, in time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, duration, season, period

च (ca) - and, indicating addition (and, also)

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which (suffering) (which, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with 'duḥkham'.

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - the pain or misery experienced (suffering, pain, sorrow)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery

पतताम् (patatām) - of those who are falling (into lower states of existence) (of those falling, of those descending)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, descending (present active participle)

present active participle

Formed from root 'pat' (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

विषयैषिणाम् (viṣayaiṣiṇām) - of those individuals whose desires are focused on sense objects (viṣaya) (of those desiring sense objects, of those addicted to worldly enjoyments)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of viṣayaiṣin

viṣayaiṣin - desiring sense objects, longing for worldly things

Compound type : tatpurusha (viṣaya+eṣin)

• viṣaya – object, sphere, domain, subject matter, sense object
  noun (masculine)
• eṣin – desiring, seeking, going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective from root iṣ with suffix -in
  From root 'iṣ' (to desire, to seek).
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

तिर्याक् (tiryāk) - falling into animal births/existences (as animals, obliquely, horizontally)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, indicating addition (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पतताम् (patatām) - of those who are falling (into animal existences) (of those falling, of those descending)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, descending (present active participle)

present active participle

Formed from root 'pat' (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - the pain or misery experienced (suffering, pain, sorrow)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery

पतताम् (patatām) - of those who are falling (into hell) (of those falling, of those descending)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of patat

patat - falling, descending (present active participle)

present active participle

Formed from root 'pat' (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

नरके (narake) - in a state of hellish suffering (in hell, in a hellish realm)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, hellish region

च (ca) - and, indicating addition (and, also)

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - which (suffering) (which, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with implied 'duḥkham'.