महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-290, verse-16

द्विगुणं च रजो ज्ञात्वा सत्त्वमेकगुणं पुनः ।
मार्गं विज्ञाय तत्त्वेन प्रलये प्रेक्षणं तथा ॥१६॥

16. dviguṇaṁ ca rajo jñātvā sattvamekaguṇaṁ punaḥ ,
mārgaṁ vijñāya tattvena pralaye prekṣaṇaṁ tathā.

16. dviguṇam ca rajaḥ jñātvā sattvam ekaguṇam punaḥ
| mārgam vijñāya tattvena pralaye prekṣaṇam tathā

16. rajaḥ ca dviguṇam jñātvā,
punaḥ sattvam ekaguṇam (jñātvā).
tattvena mārgam vijñāya,
tathā pralaye prekṣaṇam (vijñāya)

16. And knowing rajas to be twofold, and sattva again to be singlefold. Having truly comprehended the path, and similarly the contemplation (prekṣaṇa) at the time of cosmic dissolution (pralaya).

Words meanings summery:

• द्विगुणम् (dviguṇam) - twofold

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• रजः (rajaḥ) - passion, activity, dust

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, knowing, realizing

• सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - goodness, purity, reality, existence

• एकगुणम् (ekaguṇam) - singlefold, having one quality

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore, moreover

• मार्गम् (mārgam) - path, way, road

• विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having understood, having ascertained, having known well

• तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, in truth, according to reality, by means of reality

• प्रलये (pralaye) - in cosmic dissolution, at the time of destruction

• प्रेक्षणम् (prekṣaṇam) - observation, contemplation, seeing

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

Words meanings and morphology

द्विगुणम् (dviguṇam) - twofold

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dviguṇa

dviguṇa - twofold, having two qualities, multiplied by two

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+guṇa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, factor, multiplier
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

रजः (rajaḥ) - passion, activity, dust

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - passion, activity, dust, impurity, one of the three guṇas

From root rañj- 'to be colored, to be excited'

Root: rañj (class 1)

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known, knowing, realizing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root jñā- 'to know', with suffix -tvā

Root: jñā (class 9)

सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - goodness, purity, reality, existence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - goodness, purity, essence, reality, existence, a sentient being, one of the three guṇas

From sat (being) + tva (abstract suffix)

Root: as (class 2)

एकगुणम् (ekaguṇam) - singlefold, having one quality

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ekaguṇa

ekaguṇa - singlefold, having one quality, multiplied by one

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (eka+guṇa)

• eka – one, single, alone
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, factor, multiplier
  noun (masculine)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, furthermore, moreover

(indeclinable)

मार्गम् (mārgam) - path, way, road

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mārga

mārga - path, road, way, course, spiritual path, means

From root mṛg- 'to seek, to follow'

Root: mṛg (class 10)

विज्ञाय (vijñāya) - having understood, having ascertained, having known well

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From prefix vi- + root jñā- 'to know', with suffix -ya (for prefixed roots)

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

तत्त्वेन (tattvena) - truly, in truth, according to reality, by means of reality

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tattva

tattva - truth, reality, true nature, principle, essence

From tad (that) + tva (abstract suffix)

प्रलये (pralaye) - in cosmic dissolution, at the time of destruction

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pralaya

pralaya - dissolution, destruction, annihilation, cosmic dissolution

From prefix pra- + root lī- 'to dissolve, melt'

Prefix: pra

Root: lī (class 4)

प्रेक्षणम् (prekṣaṇam) - observation, contemplation, seeing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prekṣaṇa

prekṣaṇa - seeing, looking, observation, contemplation, spectacle

From prefix pra- + root īkṣ- 'to see'

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vijñāya'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

(indeclinable)