महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-221, verse-9

पुण्यकर्मभिराख्याता देवर्षिकथिताः कथाः ।
चक्रतुस्तौ कथाशीलौ शुचिसंहृष्टमानसौ ।
पूर्ववृत्तव्यपेतानि कथयन्तौ समाहितौ ॥९॥

9. puṇyakarmabhirākhyātā devarṣikathitāḥ kathāḥ ,
cakratustau kathāśīlau śucisaṁhṛṣṭamānasau ,
pūrvavṛttavyapetāni kathayantau samāhitau.

9. puṇyakarmabhiḥ ākhyātāḥ devarṣikathitāḥ
kathāḥ cakratuḥ tau kathāśīlau
śucisaṃhṛṣṭamānasau
pūrvavṛttavyapetāni kathayantau samāhitau

9. kathāśīlau śucisaṃhṛṣṭamānasau
samāhitau tau puṇyakarmabhiḥ ākhyātāḥ
devarṣikathitāḥ pūrvavṛttavyapetāni
kathāḥ kathayantau cakratuḥ

9. Fond of stories, and with pure, joyful minds, those two, concentrating, narrated tales relating to past events, stories that had been recounted by those of meritorious deeds and told by the divine sages.

Words meanings summery:

• पुण्यकर्मभिः (puṇyakarmabhiḥ) - by those who performed meritorious deeds (by those of meritorious deeds, by pious actions)

• आख्याताः (ākhyātāḥ) - recounted (narrated, told, spoken of)

• देवर्षिकथिताः (devarṣikathitāḥ) - told by divine sages

• कथाः (kathāḥ) - stories, tales (stories, tales, narratives)

• चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they two narrated/performed (stories) (they two made, did, performed)

• तौ (tau) - those two (Indra and his companion) (those two, they two)

• कथाशीलौ (kathāśīlau) - habitually engaged in telling stories (fond of stories, having the habit of telling stories)

• शुचिसंहृष्टमानसौ (śucisaṁhṛṣṭamānasau) - having pure and joyful minds (with pure and joyful minds)

• पूर्ववृत्तव्यपेतानि (pūrvavṛttavyapetāni) - relating to past events (related to past events, concerning past occurrences)

• कथयन्तौ (kathayantau) - narrating (narrating, telling, recounting)

• समाहितौ (samāhitau) - attentive, focused (concentrated, attentive, composed)

Words meanings and morphology

पुण्यकर्मभिः (puṇyakarmabhiḥ) - by those who performed meritorious deeds (by those of meritorious deeds, by pious actions)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of puṇyakarman

puṇyakarman - one whose deeds (karma) are meritorious/virtuous; meritorious deed

Compound: puṇya (meritorious, virtuous) + karman (deed, action).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (puṇya+karman)

• puṇya – meritorious, virtuous, holy, good
  adjective
• karman – action, deed, ritual, result of action, fate (karma)
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agency by which stories are told.

आख्याताः (ākhyātāḥ) - recounted (narrated, told, spoken of)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ākhyāta

ākhyāta - narrated, told, spoken of, mentioned

Past Passive Participle

From ā-√khyā (to tell, narrate).

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Describes kathāḥ.

देवर्षिकथिताः (devarṣikathitāḥ) - told by divine sages

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of devarṣikathita

devarṣikathita - told by divine sages

Compound: devarṣi (divine sage) + kathita (told, PPP of √kath).

Compound type : instrumental tatpuruṣa (devarṣi+kathita)

• devarṣi – divine sage
  noun (masculine)
  Compound deva (god) + ṛṣi (sage)
• kathita – told, said, narrated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kath (to tell, relate)
  Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Describes kathāḥ.

कथाः (kathāḥ) - stories, tales (stories, tales, narratives)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, speech

Note: Object of cakratuḥ and kathayantau.

चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they two narrated/performed (stories) (they two made, did, performed)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of √kṛ

Perfect active

Perfect tense form of √kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb. Here implies 'performed' or 'engaged in' stories, meaning narrated them.

तौ (tau) - those two (Indra and his companion) (those two, they two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of cakratuḥ.

कथाशीलौ (kathāśīlau) - habitually engaged in telling stories (fond of stories, having the habit of telling stories)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kathāśīla

kathāśīla - fond of stories, having a narrative disposition

Compound: kathā (story) + śīla (habit, nature, disposition).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kathā+śīla)

• kathā – story, tale, narrative, speech
  noun (feminine)
• śīla – habit, custom, disposition, nature, character
  noun (neuter)
  From √śī (to lie, to practice)
  Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Describes tau.

शुचिसंहृष्टमानसौ (śucisaṁhṛṣṭamānasau) - having pure and joyful minds (with pure and joyful minds)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śucisaṃhṛṣṭamanas

śucisaṁhṛṣṭamanas - having a pure and joyful mind

Compound: śuci (pure) + saṃhṛṣṭa (delighted, gladdened, PPP of sam-√hṛṣ) + manas (mind).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śuci+saṃhṛṣṭa+manas)

• śuci – pure, clean, holy, bright
  adjective
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• saṃhṛṣṭa – delighted, glad, joyful
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam-√hṛṣ (to be glad, rejoice)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• manas – mind, intellect, understanding, conscience
  noun (neuter)
  From √man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Describes tau.

पूर्ववृत्तव्यपेतानि (pūrvavṛttavyapetāni) - relating to past events (related to past events, concerning past occurrences)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of pūrvavṛttavyapeta

pūrvavṛttavyapeta - related to past events

Compound: pūrva (past) + vṛtta (event, occurred) + vyapeta (connected with, gone to).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+vṛtta+vyapeta)

• pūrva – former, prior, past, eastern
  adjective
• vṛtta – happened, occurred, an event, occurrence, conduct
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √vṛt (to be, exist, occur)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• vyapeta – gone away, departed, separated, connected with
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi-apa-√i (to go away), or vi-apa-√etu (to understand). Here, 'connected with' or 'relating to'.
  Prefixes: vi+apa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of kathayantau.

कथयन्तौ (kathayantau) - narrating (narrating, telling, recounting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kathayat

kathayat - narrating, telling

Present active participle

From √kath (to tell, relate), present participle form.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Describes the ongoing action of tau.

समाहितौ (samāhitau) - attentive, focused (concentrated, attentive, composed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of samāhita

samāhita - concentrated, attentive, composed, engaged in meditation (dhyāna)

Past Passive Participle

From sam-ā-√dhā (to place together, fix, concentrate).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Describes tau while they were narrating.