महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-221, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
पूर्वरूपाणि मे राजन्पुरुषस्य भविष्यतः ।
पराभविष्यतश्चैव त्वं मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
pūrvarūpāṇi me rājanpuruṣasya bhaviṣyataḥ ,
parābhaviṣyataścaiva tvaṁ me brūhi pitāmaha.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca | pūrvarūpāṇi me rājan puruṣasya
bhaviṣyataḥ | parābhaviṣyataḥ ca eva tvam me brūhi pitāmaha

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca rājan pitāmaha tvam me puruṣasya
bhaviṣyataḥ ca eva parābhaviṣyataḥ pūrvarūpāṇi brūhi

1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "O King, O Grandfather, please tell me the prior signs (pūrvarūpa) of a person (puruṣa) who is destined to prosper and also of one who is destined to be defeated."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• पूर्वरूपाणि (pūrvarūpāṇi) - prior signs, omens (prior signs, omens, preliminary forms)

• मे (me) - to me (to me, my, for me)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Bhīṣma) (O king)

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a person (puruṣa) (of a man, of a person, of the cosmic person (puruṣa))

• भविष्यतः (bhaviṣyataḥ) - of one who is destined to prosper (of one who will be, of one who will exist, of one who will prosper)

• पराभविष्यतः (parābhaviṣyataḥ) - of one who is destined to be defeated (of one who will be defeated, of one who will fail)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, only, also)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• मे (me) - to me (to me, my, for me)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell (tell, speak, say)

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - O Grandfather (addressing Bhīṣma) (O grandfather)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (lit. 'firm in battle'), the eldest of the Pāṇḍavas

Compound yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (seventh case retains its ending) (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective
  From √sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of √vac

perfect tense (lit)

3rd person singular active perfect of √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

पूर्वरूपाणि (pūrvarūpāṇi) - prior signs, omens (prior signs, omens, preliminary forms)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of pūrvarūpa

pūrvarūpa - prior form, preliminary symptom, omen, prognostic sign

Compound of pūrva (previous) + rūpa (form, sign).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrva+rūpa)

• pūrva – previous, prior, former, earlier
  adjective
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, sign, characteristic
  noun (neuter)
  From √rūp (to assume a form).
  Root: rūp (class 10)

Note: Can also be nominative plural.

मे (me) - to me (to me, my, for me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Enclitic dative/genitive singular of `aham` (I).

राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressing Bhīṣma) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Vocative singular of rājan.

Root: rāj (class 1)

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a person (puruṣa) (of a man, of a person, of the cosmic person (puruṣa))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, spirit, the Supreme Being (puruṣa)

भविष्यतः (bhaviṣyataḥ) - of one who is destined to prosper (of one who will be, of one who will exist, of one who will prosper)

(adjective (participle))

पराभविष्यतः (parābhaviṣyataḥ) - of one who is destined to be defeated (of one who will be defeated, of one who will fail)

(adjective (participle))

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, only, also)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

Nominative singular of `yuṣmad` (you).

मे (me) - to me (to me, my, for me)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Enclitic dative/genitive singular of `aham` (I).

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell (tell, speak, say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √brū

imperative mood

2nd person singular active imperative of √brū (to speak).

Root: brū (class 2)

पितामह (pitāmaha) - O Grandfather (addressing Bhīṣma) (O grandfather)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, creator (Brahmā)

Vocative singular of pitāmaha.