महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-221, verse-58

विप्रकीर्णानि धान्यानि काकमूषकभोजनम् ।
अपावृतं पयोऽतिष्ठदुच्छिष्टाश्चास्पृशन्घृतम् ॥५८॥

58. viprakīrṇāni dhānyāni kākamūṣakabhojanam ,
apāvṛtaṁ payo'tiṣṭhaducchiṣṭāścāspṛśanghṛtam.

58. viprakīrṇāni dhānyāni kākamūṣakabhojanam apāvṛtam
payaḥ atiṣṭhat ucchiṣṭāḥ ca aspṛśan ghṛtam

58. Grains lay scattered, becoming food for crows and mice. Milk remained uncovered, and people who were ritually impure (ucchiṣṭa) touched the clarified butter (ghṛta).

Words meanings summery:

• विप्रकीर्णानि (viprakīrṇāni) - scattered, dispersed

• धान्यानि (dhānyāni) - grains (grains, corn)

• काकमूषकभोजनम् (kākamūṣakabhojanam) - food for crows and mice

• अपावृतम् (apāvṛtam) - uncovered (uncovered, open)

• पयः (payaḥ) - milk (milk, water)

• अतिष्ठत् (atiṣṭhat) - remained (uncovered) (stood, remained)

• उच्छिष्टाः (ucchiṣṭāḥ) - those who were ritually impure (due to touching food, etc.) (leftover, impure (from eating/touching food))

• च (ca) - and, also

• अस्पृशन् (aspṛśan) - they touched (the clarified butter) (they touched)

• घृतम् (ghṛtam) - clarified butter (ghṛta) (clarified butter, ghee)

Words meanings and morphology

विप्रकीर्णानि (viprakīrṇāni) - scattered, dispersed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of viprakīrṇa

viprakīrṇa - scattered, dispersed, spread out

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṛ (to scatter) with prefixes vi and pra

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: kṛ (class 6)

धान्यानि (dhānyāni) - grains (grains, corn)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dhānya

dhānya - grain, corn, cereal

काकमूषकभोजनम् (kākamūṣakabhojanam) - food for crows and mice

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kākamūṣakabhojana

kākamūṣakabhojana - food for crows and mice

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāka+mūṣaka+bhojana)

• kāka – crow
  noun (masculine)
• mūṣaka – mouse, rat
  noun (masculine)
• bhojana – food, eating, meal
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root bhuj (to eat)
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: A dvandva compound of kāka and mūṣaka, followed by a tatpuruṣa with bhojana.

अपावृतम् (apāvṛtam) - uncovered (uncovered, open)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apāvṛta

apāvṛta - uncovered, open, unprotected

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛ (to cover) with prefix ā, then negated with a-

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+āvṛta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• āvṛta – covered, surrounded
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vṛ (to cover) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

पयः (payaḥ) - milk (milk, water)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of payas

payas - milk, water, fluid

अतिष्ठत् (atiṣṭhat) - remained (uncovered) (stood, remained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

उच्छिष्टाः (ucchiṣṭāḥ) - those who were ritually impure (due to touching food, etc.) (leftover, impure (from eating/touching food))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ucchiṣṭa

ucchiṣṭa - leftover, remnants of food, impure (after eating)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śiṣ (to leave over) with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Acting as a substantive noun "the impure ones".

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अस्पृशन् (aspṛśan) - they touched (the clarified butter) (they touched)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of spṛś

Root: spṛś (class 6)

घृतम् (ghṛtam) - clarified butter (ghṛta) (clarified butter, ghee)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghṛta

ghṛta - clarified butter, ghee

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ghṛ (to sprinkle, shine)

Root: ghṛ (class 3)