मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-14, verse-89
कालसूत्रे तथा छेदमनेकाश्चैव यातनाः ।
प्राप्य निष्कृतिमेतस्मान्न वेद्मि कथमेष्यति ॥८९॥
प्राप्य निष्कृतिमेतस्मान्न वेद्मि कथमेष्यति ॥८९॥
89. kālasūtre tathā chedamanekāścaiva yātanāḥ .
prāpya niṣkṛtimetasmānna vedmi kathameṣyati.
prāpya niṣkṛtimetasmānna vedmi kathameṣyati.
89.
kālasūtre tathā chedam anekāḥ ca eva yātanāḥ
prāpya niṣkṛtim etasmāt na vedmi katham eṣyati
prāpya niṣkṛtim etasmāt na vedmi katham eṣyati
89.
Similarly, there is cutting in the Kālasūtra hell, and indeed many other torments. Even after obtaining release from these (hells), I do not know how one will attain a better future.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कालसूत्रे (kālasūtre) - refers to a specific hell where one is bound and cut (in the Kālasūtra (a hell))
- तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly
- छेदम् (chedam) - cutting, breaking, incision
- अनेकाः (anekāḥ) - many, numerous
- च (ca) - and
- एव (eva) - emphasizes the preceding word or idea (indeed, just, only)
- यातनाः (yātanāḥ) - torments, tortures
- प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached
- निष्कृतिम् (niṣkṛtim) - liberation from the torments of hell (release, atonement, deliverance, expiation)
- एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from the entire experience of suffering in the hells (from this, from these (torments/hells))
- न (na) - not, no
- वेद्मि (vedmi) - I know
- कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
- एष्यति (eṣyati) - will attain a better state of being or a good destination in the future (will go, will come, will attain)
Words meanings and morphology
कालसूत्रे (kālasūtre) - refers to a specific hell where one is bound and cut (in the Kālasūtra (a hell))
(proper noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of kālasūtra
kālasūtra - Kālasūtra (name of a hell where one is bound and cut)
Compound (kāla + sūtra - thread of time/death)
Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+sūtra)
- kāla – time, death
noun (masculine) - sūtra – thread, string, rule
noun (neuter)
From root siv (to sew, to weave)
Root: siv (class 4)
Note: Denotes location of the torment.
तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly
(indeclinable)
छेदम् (chedam) - cutting, breaking, incision
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of cheda
cheda - cutting, breaking, incision
From root chid (to cut)
Root: chid (class 7)
Note: Refers to the act of cutting as a torment.
अनेकाः (anekāḥ) - many, numerous
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of aneka
aneka - many, numerous, not one
From a- (not) + eka (one)
Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+eka)
- a – not, non
indeclinable
Negative prefix - eka – one, single
adjective
Numeral
Note: Qualifies 'yātanāḥ'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - emphasizes the preceding word or idea (indeed, just, only)
(indeclinable)
यातनाः (yātanāḥ) - torments, tortures
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of yātanā
yātanā - torment, torture, suffering
From root yat (to strive, inflict)
Root: yat (class 1)
Note: Subject in a descriptive sense, 'many torments exist.'
प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (gerund)
From root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra.
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.
निष्कृतिम् (niṣkṛtim) - liberation from the torments of hell (release, atonement, deliverance, expiation)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of niṣkṛti
niṣkṛti - release, atonement, deliverance, expiation
From root kṛ (to do) with prefix niṣ (out, away).
Prefix: niṣ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from the entire experience of suffering in the hells (from this, from these (torments/hells))
(pronoun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, this one
Note: Refers to the collective torments/hells previously described.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
Note: Negates the verb 'vedmi'.
वेद्मि (vedmi) - I know
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid
Perfect present (intensive present) form of √vid.
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: The speaker expresses their ignorance regarding the future of the tormented soul.
कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner
(indeclinable)
Interrogative adverb.
एष्यति (eṣyati) - will attain a better state of being or a good destination in the future (will go, will come, will attain)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, future indicative (ḷṛṭ) of i
Future tense form.
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Refers to the ungrateful person from the previous verses.