मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-14, verse-13
अयश्चञ्चुनिपातेन सर्वाङ्गक्षतदुः खिताः ।
किमेतेऽनिष्टकर्तारस्तुद्यन्तेऽहर्निशं नराः ॥१३॥
किमेतेऽनिष्टकर्तारस्तुद्यन्तेऽहर्निशं नराः ॥१३॥
13. ayaścañcunipātena sarvāṅgakṣataduḥ khitāḥ .
kimete'niṣṭakartārastudyante'harniśaṃ narāḥ.
kimete'niṣṭakartārastudyante'harniśaṃ narāḥ.
13.
ayaścañcunipātena sarvāṅgakṣataduḥkhitāḥ kim
ete aniṣṭakartāraḥ tudyante aharniśam narāḥ
ete aniṣṭakartāraḥ tudyante aharniśam narāḥ
13.
Are these individuals (nara), distressed by wounds all over their bodies from the impact of iron beaks, tormented day and night because they committed harmful deeds?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अयश्चञ्चुनिपातेन (ayaścañcunipātena) - by the impact/falling of iron beaks
- सर्वाङ्गक्षतदुःखिताः (sarvāṅgakṣataduḥkhitāḥ) - distressed by wounds on all limbs/body parts
- किम् (kim) - is it that, whether (interrogative particle)
- एते (ete) - these
- अनिष्टकर्तारः (aniṣṭakartāraḥ) - doers of harmful/evil deeds
- तुद्यन्ते (tudyante) - they are tormented, they are pierced, they are struck
- अहर्निशम् (aharniśam) - day and night, constantly
- नराः (narāḥ) - individuals (nara) (people, men, individuals)
Words meanings and morphology
अयश्चञ्चुनिपातेन (ayaścañcunipātena) - by the impact/falling of iron beaks
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ayaścañcunipāta
ayaścañcunipāta - impact of an iron beak, stroke of an iron beak
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ayas+cañcu+nipāta)
- ayas – iron, metal
noun (neuter) - cañcu – beak, bill
noun (feminine) - nipāta – fall, descent, impact, striking
noun (masculine)
From root 'pat' (to fall) with prefix 'ni'
Prefix: ni
Root: pat (class 1)
सर्वाङ्गक्षतदुःखिताः (sarvāṅgakṣataduḥkhitāḥ) - distressed by wounds on all limbs/body parts
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvāṅgakṣataduḥkhita
sarvāṅgakṣataduḥkhita - pained or distressed by injuries to all parts of the body
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+aṅga+kṣata+duḥkhita)
- sarva – all, entire, every
pronoun - aṅga – limb, body part, member
noun (neuter) - kṣata – wounded, injured, a wound, injury
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'kṣan' (to injure)
Root: kṣan (class 8) - duḥkhita – pained, distressed, miserable
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'duḥkh' (to suffer)
Root: duḥkh (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'narāḥ'.
किम् (kim) - is it that, whether (interrogative particle)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used as an interrogative particle here, indicating a question.
एते (ete) - these
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, that (near speaker)
अनिष्टकर्तारः (aniṣṭakartāraḥ) - doers of harmful/evil deeds
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of aniṣṭakartṛ
aniṣṭakartṛ - one who does evil, perpetrator of harm, wrongdoer
Agent noun
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aniṣṭa+kartṛ)
- aniṣṭa – undesirable, harmful, evil, bad
adjective
Past Passive Participle (negative)
Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) and 'iṣṭa' (desired/good)
Root: iṣ (class 6) - kartṛ – doer, agent, maker, perpetrator
noun (masculine)
Agent Noun
Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
तुद्यन्ते (tudyante) - they are tormented, they are pierced, they are struck
(verb)
3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of tud
Root: tud (class 6)
अहर्निशम् (aharniśam) - day and night, constantly
(indeclinable)
Compound type : dvandva (ahan+niśā)
- ahan – day
noun (neuter) - niśā – night
noun (feminine)
नराः (narāḥ) - individuals (nara) (people, men, individuals)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nara
nara - man, person, human being