मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-14, verse-10
किं कर्म कृतवन्तश्च कथयैतज्जुगुप्सितम् ।
हरन्त्येषां तथा जिह्वां जायमानां पुनर्नवाम् ॥१०॥
हरन्त्येषां तथा जिह्वां जायमानां पुनर्नवाम् ॥१०॥
10. kiṃ karma kṛtavantaśca kathayaitajjugupsitam .
harantyeṣāṃ tathā jihvāṃ jāyamānāṃ punarnavām.
harantyeṣāṃ tathā jihvāṃ jāyamānāṃ punarnavām.
10.
kim karma kṛtavantaḥ ca kathaya etat jugupsitam
haranti eṣām tathā jihvām jāyamānām punaḥ navām
haranti eṣām tathā jihvām jāyamānām punaḥ navām
10.
Tell me, what hateful actions (karma) have they committed for which their tongues, even when they regenerate anew, are thus cut off?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- किम् (kim) - what, why, what kind of
- कर्म (karma) - actions (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual)
- कृतवन्तः (kṛtavantaḥ) - those who have done, performed
- च (ca) - and
- कथय (kathaya) - tell, narrate, speak
- एतत् (etat) - this, that
- जुगुप्सितम् (jugupsitam) - hateful, detestable, loathsome
- हरन्ति (haranti) - they cut, they take away, they seize
- एषाम् (eṣām) - of these
- तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so
- जिह्वाम् (jihvām) - tongue
- जायमानाम् (jāyamānām) - being born, regenerating, arising
- पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew
- नवाम् (navām) - new, fresh
Words meanings and morphology
किम् (kim) - what, why, what kind of
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kim
kim - what, which, why
Note: Qualifies 'karma'.
कर्म (karma) - actions (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny
Root: kṛ (class 8)
कृतवन्तः (kṛtavantaḥ) - those who have done, performed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtavat
kṛtavat - one who has done or performed
Past Active Participle
Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix 'ktavat'
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Qualifies an implied subject like 'they'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
कथय (kathaya) - tell, narrate, speak
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kathay
Causative/Denominative stem from 'katha'
Root: kath (class 10)
एतत् (etat) - this, that
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this, that (near the speaker)
Note: Refers to the hateful deeds or the whole situation described.
जुगुप्सितम् (jugupsitam) - hateful, detestable, loathsome
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of jugupsita
jugupsita - detested, abhorred, despicable, disgusting
Past Passive Participle
From root 'gups' (to protect, to be ashamed), desiderative-passive form
Root: gups
Note: Qualifies 'karma' (understood).
हरन्ति (haranti) - they cut, they take away, they seize
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of hṛ
Root: hṛ (class 1)
एषाम् (eṣām) - of these
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, that
Note: Refers to the people being punished.
तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb.
जिह्वाम् (jihvām) - tongue
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of jihvā
jihvā - tongue, flame
जायमानाम् (jāyamānām) - being born, regenerating, arising
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of jāyamāna
jāyamāna - being born, arising, becoming
Present Middle Participle
From root 'jan' (to be born) + 'śānac' suffix
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Qualifies 'jihvām'.
पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb.
नवाम् (navām) - new, fresh
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of nava
nava - new, fresh, young, nine
Note: Qualifies 'jihvām'.