मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-14, verse-53
देवतातिथिभूतेषु भृत्येष्वभ्यागतेषु च ।
अभुक्तवत्सु येऽश्नन्ति तद्वत् पित्रग्निपक्षिषु ॥५३॥
अभुक्तवत्सु येऽश्नन्ति तद्वत् पित्रग्निपक्षिषु ॥५३॥
53. devatātithibhūteṣu bhṛtyeṣvabhyāgateṣu ca .
abhuktavatsu ye'śnanti tadvat pitragnipakṣiṣu.
abhuktavatsu ye'śnanti tadvat pitragnipakṣiṣu.
53.
devatātithibhūteṣu bhṛtyeṣu abhyāgateṣu ca
abhuktavatsu ye aśnanti tadvat pitragnipakṣiṣu
abhuktavatsu ye aśnanti tadvat pitragnipakṣiṣu
53.
Those who eat while the gods, guests, other creatures, servants, and visitors have not eaten, and similarly (before) ancestors, the sacred fire, and birds (have eaten, are sinful).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- देवतातिथिभूतेषु (devatātithibhūteṣu) - (before) the gods, guests, and other beings (among gods, guests, and beings)
- भृत्येषु (bhṛtyeṣu) - (before) servants (among servants, to servants)
- अभ्यागतेषु (abhyāgateṣu) - (before) visitors (among guests, visitors, to those who have arrived)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अभुक्तवत्सु (abhuktavatsu) - while they have not eaten (among those who have not eaten, while not having eaten)
- ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)
- अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - they eat (they eat, they consume)
- तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly (like that, similarly, in that manner)
- पित्रग्निपक्षिषु (pitragnipakṣiṣu) - (before) ancestors, the sacred fire, and birds (among ancestors, fire, and birds)
Words meanings and morphology
देवतातिथिभूतेषु (devatātithibhūteṣu) - (before) the gods, guests, and other beings (among gods, guests, and beings)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of devatātithibhūta
devatātithibhūta - gods, guests, and beings
Dvandva compound of devatā (deity) + atithi (guest) + bhūta (being).
Compound type : dvandva (devatā+atithi+bhūta)
- devatā – deity, god
noun (feminine)
Root: div - atithi – guest, visitor
noun (masculine)
Root: at - bhūta – creature, being, element, ghost
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of root 'bhū' (to be).
Root: bhū (class 1)
भृत्येषु (bhṛtyeṣu) - (before) servants (among servants, to servants)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of bhṛtya
bhṛtya - servant, dependant, hired, to be maintained
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
Gerundive of root 'bhṛ' (to bear, to support, to maintain).
Root: bhṛ (class 1)
अभ्यागतेषु (abhyāgateṣu) - (before) visitors (among guests, visitors, to those who have arrived)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of abhyāgata
abhyāgata - arrived, approached, guest, visitor
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle of root 'gam' (to go) with prefixes 'abhi' (towards) and 'ā' (hither).
Prefixes: abhi+ā
Root: gam (class 1)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अभुक्तवत्सु (abhuktavatsu) - while they have not eaten (among those who have not eaten, while not having eaten)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of abhuktavat
abhuktavat - one who has not eaten, not eaten
Past Active Participle
Past Active Participle of root 'bhuj' (to eat) with negative prefix 'a'.
Prefix: a
Root: bhuj (class 7)
ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, that
अश्नन्ति (aśnanti) - they eat (they eat, they consume)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of aś
9th class verb (aśnāti).
Root: aś (class 9)
तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly (like that, similarly, in that manner)
(indeclinable)
Formed with suffix -vat (meaning 'like, as').
पित्रग्निपक्षिषु (pitragnipakṣiṣu) - (before) ancestors, the sacred fire, and birds (among ancestors, fire, and birds)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of pitragnipakṣin
pitragnipakṣin - ancestors, fire, and birds
Dvandva compound of pitṛ (ancestor) + agni (fire) + pakṣin (bird).
Compound type : dvandva (pitṛ+agni+pakṣin)
- pitṛ – ancestor, father
noun (masculine)
Refers to deceased ancestors to whom offerings are made (śrāddha). - agni – fire, sacred fire
noun (masculine)
Root: ag - pakṣin – bird, winged creature
noun (masculine)
From root 'pakṣ' (to spread wings).
Root: pakṣ