मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-14, verse-80
परस्परञ्च मांसानि भक्ष्यन्ति क्षुधान्विताः ।
भुक्तं नातिथ्यविधिना पूर्वमेभैः परस्परम् ॥८०॥
भुक्तं नातिथ्यविधिना पूर्वमेभैः परस्परम् ॥८०॥
80. parasparañca māṃsāni bhakṣyanti kṣudhānvitāḥ .
bhuktaṃ nātithyavidhinā pūrvamebhaiḥ parasparam.
bhuktaṃ nātithyavidhinā pūrvamebhaiḥ parasparam.
80.
parasparam ca māṃsāni bhakṣyanti kṣudhā anvitāḥ
bhuktam na ātithyavidhinā pūrvam ebhaiḥ parasparam
bhuktam na ātithyavidhinā pūrvam ebhaiḥ parasparam
80.
And, afflicted by hunger, they devour each other's flesh. This is because, in the past, they did not eat food among themselves according to the proper rules of hospitality (atithyavidhi).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, reciprocally, each other
- च (ca) - and, also
- मांसानि (māṁsāni) - flesh, meats
- भक्ष्यन्ति (bhakṣyanti) - they eat, they devour
- क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - by hunger
- अन्विताः (anvitāḥ) - accompanied by, afflicted with, endowed with
- भुक्तम् (bhuktam) - food (that was eaten) (eaten, enjoyed)
- न (na) - not, no
- आतिथ्यविधिना (ātithyavidhinā) - by the rule of hospitality, according to the proper method for guests
- पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before
- एभैः (ebhaiḥ) - by these
- परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, each other
Words meanings and morphology
परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, reciprocally, each other
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial usage
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction
मांसानि (māṁsāni) - flesh, meats
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of māṃsa
māṁsa - flesh, meat
Note: Object of `bhakṣyanti`
भक्ष्यन्ति (bhakṣyanti) - they eat, they devour
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhakṣ
Desiderative/causative stem of root 'bhaj', often treated as a primary root in 1st class.
Root: bhakṣ (class 1)
क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - by hunger
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṣudh
kṣudh - hunger, appetite
अन्विताः (anvitāḥ) - accompanied by, afflicted with, endowed with
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anvita
anvita - accompanied by, connected with, endowed with
Past Passive Participle
Formed from `anu-` (upasarga) + root `i` (to go) + `kta` suffix.
Prefix: anu
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Qualifies the implied subject of `bhakṣyanti`
भुक्तम् (bhuktam) - food (that was eaten) (eaten, enjoyed)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of bhukta
bhukta - eaten, enjoyed, consumed
Past Passive Participle
From root `bhuj` (to enjoy, eat) + `kta` suffix.
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Functions as the subject of the passive construction.
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation
आतिथ्यविधिना (ātithyavidhinā) - by the rule of hospitality, according to the proper method for guests
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātithyavidhi
ātithyavidhi - rule of hospitality, proper procedure for guests
Compound type : tatpurusha (ātithya+vidhi)
- ātithya – hospitality, reception of guests
noun (neuter) - vidhi – rule, method, procedure, ordinance
noun (masculine)
पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial usage
एभैः (ebhaiḥ) - by these
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of idam
idam - this, these
Note: Agent in passive construction.
परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, each other
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial usage