मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-14, verse-77
उपाद्यायमधः कृत्वा स्तब्धो योऽध्ययनं नरः ।
गृह्णाति शिल्पमथवा सोऽप्येवं शिरसा शिलाम् ॥७७॥
गृह्णाति शिल्पमथवा सोऽप्येवं शिरसा शिलाम् ॥७७॥
77. upādyāyamadhaḥ kṛtvā stabdho yo'dhyayanaṃ naraḥ .
gṛhṇāti śilpamathavā so'pyevaṃ śirasā śilām.
gṛhṇāti śilpamathavā so'pyevaṃ śirasā śilām.
77.
upādhyāyam adhaḥ kṛtvā stabdhaḥ yaḥ adhyayanaṃ naraḥ
| gṛhṇāti śilpam athavā saḥ api evaṃ śirasā śilām
| gṛhṇāti śilpam athavā saḥ api evaṃ śirasā śilām
77.
The arrogant man who, having disregarded his teacher, takes up study or a craft, he too, in this manner, bears a stone upon his head.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उपाध्यायम् (upādhyāyam) - the teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide
- अधः (adhaḥ) - used in the idiom adhaḥ kṛtvā meaning 'to put down, disregard, humiliate' (below, underneath, downwards)
- कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having disregarded / humiliated (in combination with adhaḥ) (having done, having made, having performed)
- स्तब्धः (stabdhaḥ) - stiff, rigid, arrogant, obstinate
- यः (yaḥ) - who, which, he who
- अध्ययनं (adhyayanaṁ) - study, learning, recitation
- नरः (naraḥ) - man, person
- गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti) - learns (takes, grasps, receives, learns)
- शिल्पम् (śilpam) - art, craft, skill, workmanship
- अथवा (athavā) - or, alternatively
- सः (saḥ) - he, that
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
- एवं (evaṁ) - thus, in this manner, so
- शिरसा (śirasā) - by the head, with the head, on the head
- शिलाम् (śilām) - a stone, a rock
Words meanings and morphology
उपाध्यायम् (upādhyāyam) - the teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of upādhyāya
upādhyāya - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide
अधः (adhaḥ) - used in the idiom adhaḥ kṛtvā meaning 'to put down, disregard, humiliate' (below, underneath, downwards)
(indeclinable)
कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having disregarded / humiliated (in combination with adhaḥ) (having done, having made, having performed)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive/Gerund
From root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tvā.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
स्तब्धः (stabdhaḥ) - stiff, rigid, arrogant, obstinate
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of stabdha
stabdha - stiff, rigid, proud, arrogant, obstinate
Past Passive Participle
From root stambh (to stiffen, obstruct).
Root: stambh (class 5)
Note: Agrees with yaḥ naraḥ.
यः (yaḥ) - who, which, he who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: Relative pronoun referring to naraḥ.
अध्ययनं (adhyayanaṁ) - study, learning, recitation
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of adhyayana
adhyayana - study, learning, reading, recitation
From root i (to go) with prefixes adhi + a (or adhi + i, 'i' becoming 'aya' in present stem).
Prefixes: adhi+a
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Object of gṛhṇāti.
नरः (naraḥ) - man, person
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nara
nara - man, person, male, human being
Note: Subject of the clause.
गृह्णाति (gṛhṇāti) - learns (takes, grasps, receives, learns)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of grah
Present active indicative, third person singular
Root grah, class 9 (grahṇāti).
Root: grah (class 9)
शिल्पम् (śilpam) - art, craft, skill, workmanship
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śilpa
śilpa - art, craft, skill, workmanship
Note: Object of gṛhṇāti.
अथवा (athavā) - or, alternatively
(indeclinable)
सः (saḥ) - he, that
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Correlative pronoun to yaḥ.
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
एवं (evaṁ) - thus, in this manner, so
(indeclinable)
शिरसा (śirasā) - by the head, with the head, on the head
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras
śiras - head, top
शिलाम् (śilām) - a stone, a rock
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of śilā
śilā - stone, rock
Note: Object of an implied verb like 'bibhrat' (bearing), which appears in the next verse.