मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-14, verse-50
मर्माणि यस्तु साधूनामसद्वाग्भिर्निकृन्तति ।
तमिमे तुदमानास्तु खगास्तिष्ठन्त्यवारिता ॥५०॥
तमिमे तुदमानास्तु खगास्तिष्ठन्त्यवारिता ॥५०॥
50. marmāṇi yastu sādhūnāmasadvāgbhirnikṛntati .
tamime tudamānāstu khagāstiṣṭhantyavāritā.
tamime tudamānāstu khagāstiṣṭhantyavāritā.
50.
marmāṇi yaḥ tu sādhūnām asat vāgbhiḥ nikṛntati
tam ime tudamānāḥ tu khagāḥ tiṣṭhanti avāritāḥ
tam ime tudamānāḥ tu khagāḥ tiṣṭhanti avāritāḥ
50.
But the person who wounds the vital points (marmāṇi) of virtuous individuals (sādhu) with evil words, him these tormenting birds assail unopposed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मर्माणि (marmāṇi) - vital parts, vulnerable points, secrets
- यः (yaḥ) - who, which
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, and
- साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) - of good/virtuous people
- असत् (asat) - evil, bad, untrue, non-existent
- वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - by words, by speech
- निकृन्तति (nikṛntati) - he cuts, wounds, injures
- तम् (tam) - him, that one
- इमे (ime) - these
- तुदमानाः (tudamānāḥ) - tormenting, hurting, inflicting pain
- तु (tu) - indeed, but
- खगाः (khagāḥ) - birds
- तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, remain, exist
- अवारिताः (avāritāḥ) - unopposed, unhindered, unrestrained
Words meanings and morphology
मर्माणि (marmāṇi) - vital parts, vulnerable points, secrets
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of marman
marman - vital part, vulnerable spot, secret, joint
Root: mṛ (class 6)
Note: Object of 'nikṛntati'.
यः (yaḥ) - who, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, who, that
Note: Relative pronoun, subject of the clause.
तु (tu) - but, indeed, and
(indeclinable)
साधूनाम् (sādhūnām) - of good/virtuous people
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of sādhu
sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man
Derived from root 'sādh' (to accomplish).
Root: sādh (class 5)
Note: Possessive, 'of the virtuous ones'.
असत् (asat) - evil, bad, untrue, non-existent
(adjective)
of asat
asat - non-existent, untrue, evil, bad
Present Active Participle (negative of 'sat')
Negative prefix 'a-' + present active participle of root 'as' (to be).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - sat – existing, good, true, virtuous
adjective
Present Active Participle
Present active participle of root 'as' (to be).
Root: as (class 2)
वाग्भिः (vāgbhiḥ) - by words, by speech
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, plural of vāc
vāc - speech, word, voice
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Instrument of 'nikṛntati'.
निकृन्तति (nikṛntati) - he cuts, wounds, injures
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of kṛnt
Present Active
Derived from root 'kṛt' (to cut) with prefix 'ni' (emphasizing completeness/downwards).
Prefix: ni
Root: kṛt (class 6)
तम् (tam) - him, that one
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the 'yaḥ' (who) from the previous clause.
इमे (ime) - these
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of idam
idam - this, these
Note: Refers to 'khagāḥ'.
तुदमानाः (tudamānāḥ) - tormenting, hurting, inflicting pain
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tudamāna
tudamāna - tormenting, vexing, hurting
Present Middle Participle
Present middle participle of root 'tud' (to strike, pain, torment).
Root: tud (class 6)
Note: Acts as an epithet for the birds while performing the action.
तु (tu) - indeed, but
(indeclinable)
खगाः (khagāḥ) - birds
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of khaga
khaga - bird, one who moves in the air (kha-ga)
Compound 'kha' (sky/air) + 'ga' (going).
Compound type : tatpurusha (kha+ga)
- kha – sky, air, space, ether
noun (neuter) - ga – going, moving, who goes
adjective (masculine)
Agent Noun / Agent suffix
Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with suffix 'ḍa'.
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Subject of 'tiṣṭhanti'.
तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, remain, exist
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of sthā
Present Active
Reduplicated root, forms Class 1 verb.
Root: sthā (class 1)
अवारिताः (avāritāḥ) - unopposed, unhindered, unrestrained
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of avārita
avārita - unopposed, unhindered, unrestrained, unprevented
Past Passive Participle (negative)
Negative prefix 'a-' + past passive participle of root 'vṛ' (to ward off, hinder) in causative.
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vārita)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - vārita – prevented, hindered, stopped
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of the causative of root 'vṛ'.
Root: vṛ (class 5)
Note: Adjective describing 'khagāḥ'.