मनु-स्मृतिः manu-smṛtiḥ - chapter-12, verse-40

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देवत्वं सात्त्विका यान्ति मनुष्यत्वं च राजसाः ।
तिर्यक्त्वं तामसा नित्यमित्येषा त्रिविधा गतिः ॥४०॥

40. devatvaṁ sāttvikā yānti manuṣyatvaṁ ca rājasāḥ ,
tiryaktvaṁ tāmasā nityamityeṣā trividhā gatiḥ.

40. devatvam sāttvikā yānti manuṣyatvam ca rājasāḥ |
tiryaktvam tāmasā nityam iti eṣā trividhā gatiḥ

40. sāttvikā devatvam yānti rājasāḥ ca manuṣyatvam (yānti)
tāmasā nityam tiryaktvam (yānti) iti eṣā trividhā gatiḥ

40. Those who are of the quality of goodness (sattva) attain divinity; those of the quality of passion (rajas) attain human existence; and those of the quality of inertia (tamas) constantly go to the state of animals. This, then, is the threefold course of destiny.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

देवत्वम् (devatvam) - divinity (divinity, godhood, state of a deity)

सात्त्विका (sāttvikā) - those who are of the quality of goodness (sattva) (pure, good, virtuous, those belonging to sattva)

यान्ति (yānti) - they attain (they go, they attain, they reach)

मनुष्यत्वम् (manuṣyatvam) - human existence (humanity, human nature, state of being human)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

राजसाः (rājasāḥ) - those of the quality of passion (rajas) (passionate, active, those belonging to rajas)

तिर्यक्त्वम् (tiryaktvam) - the state of animals (animality, state of animals, being a cross-being)

तामसा (tāmasā) - those of the quality of inertia (tamas) (ignorant, dark, sluggish, those belonging to tamas)

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (constantly, eternally, always, permanently)

इति (iti) - thus, this then is (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

एषा (eṣā) - this (course) (this (feminine))

त्रिविधा (trividhā) - threefold (threefold, of three kinds)

गतिः (gatiḥ) - course of destiny (motion, course, way, destination, state, destiny)

Words meanings and morphology

देवत्वम् (devatvam) - divinity (divinity, godhood, state of a deity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of devatva

devatva - divinity, godhood, divine nature

Derived from deva (deity) + -tva (suffix for abstract noun)

सात्त्विका (sāttvikā) - those who are of the quality of goodness (sattva) (pure, good, virtuous, those belonging to sattva)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāttvika

sāttvika - pertaining to sattva, pure, good, virtuous, serene

Derived from sattva (quality of goodness) + -ika (suffix)

Note: The Devanagari सात्त्विका (sāttvikā) is used here as a nominative plural masculine, which sometimes appears without the final visarga (sāttvikāḥ) in poetic texts for metrical reasons.

यान्ति (yānti) - they attain (they go, they attain, they reach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of yā

Present Active Indicative

Root yā (2nd conjugation), active voice, parasmaipada, 3rd person plural

Root: yā (class 2)

मनुष्यत्वम् (manuṣyatvam) - human existence (humanity, human nature, state of being human)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manuṣyatva

manuṣyatva - humanity, state of being human

Derived from manuṣya (human) + -tva (suffix for abstract noun)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

राजसाः (rājasāḥ) - those of the quality of passion (rajas) (passionate, active, those belonging to rajas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājasa

rājasa - pertaining to rajas, passionate, active, emotional

Derived from rajas (quality of passion) + -a (suffix)

Note: Refers to persons dominated by rajas.

तिर्यक्त्वम् (tiryaktvam) - the state of animals (animality, state of animals, being a cross-being)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tiryaktva

tiryaktva - animality, state of an animal, being a cross-being or animal

Derived from tiryak (animal, crosswise) + -tva (suffix for abstract noun)

तामसा (tāmasā) - those of the quality of inertia (tamas) (ignorant, dark, sluggish, those belonging to tamas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāmasa

tāmasa - pertaining to tamas, ignorant, dark, sluggish, inert

Derived from tamas (quality of inertia) + -a (suffix)

Note: The Devanagari तामसा (tāmasā) is used here as a nominative plural masculine, which sometimes appears without the final visarga (tāmasāḥ) in poetic texts for metrical reasons.

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (constantly, eternally, always, permanently)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

इति (iti) - thus, this then is (thus, in this manner, marking quotation)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the conclusion of a statement.

एषा (eṣā) - this (course) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Agrees with gatiḥ.

त्रिविधा (trividhā) - threefold (threefold, of three kinds)