मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-12, verse-24
सत्त्वं रजस्तमश्चैव त्रीन विद्यादात्मनो गुणान ।
यैर्व्याप्यैमान स्थितो भावान महान सर्वानशेषतः ॥२४॥
यैर्व्याप्यैमान स्थितो भावान महान सर्वानशेषतः ॥२४॥
24. sattvaṁ rajastamaścaiva trīn vidyādātmano guṇān ,
yairvyāpyaimān sthito bhāvān mahān sarvānaśeṣataḥ.
yairvyāpyaimān sthito bhāvān mahān sarvānaśeṣataḥ.
24.
sattvam rajaḥ tamaḥ ca eva trīn vidyāt ātmanaḥ guṇān
yaiḥ vyāpya imān sthitaḥ bhāvān mahān sarvān aśeṣataḥ
yaiḥ vyāpya imān sthitaḥ bhāvān mahān sarvān aśeṣataḥ
24.
(jīvaḥ) sattvam rajaḥ tamaḥ ca eva ātmanaḥ trīn guṇān vidyāt,
yaiḥ mahān sarvān aśeṣataḥ imān bhāvān vyāpya sthitaḥ
yaiḥ mahān sarvān aśeṣataḥ imān bhāvān vyāpya sthitaḥ
24.
One should know sattva, rajas, and tamas as the three constituents (guṇas) of the self (ātman), by which the great (ātman), pervading all these entities completely and without remainder, stands established.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the constituent (guṇa) of goodness (goodness, purity, essence, truth, one of the three guṇas)
- रजः (rajaḥ) - the constituent (guṇa) of passion/activity (dust, passion, activity, one of the three guṇas)
- तमः (tamaḥ) - the constituent (guṇa) of darkness/inertia (darkness, ignorance, inertia, one of the three guṇas)
- च (ca) - and
- एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
- त्रीन् (trīn) - three
- विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know
- आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self (ātman) (of the self, of the soul, of oneself)
- गुणान् (guṇān) - constituents (guṇas) (qualities, constituents, properties, strands)
- यैः (yaiḥ) - by which (guṇas) (by which, by whom)
- व्याप्य (vyāpya) - having pervaded, having spread through
- इमान् (imān) - these
- स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stands established (standing, situated, established, existing)
- भावान् (bhāvān) - all these entities (beings, entities, states, sentiments)
- महान् (mahān) - the great (ātman) (great, large, noble)
- सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every
- अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, without remainder, entirely
Words meanings and morphology
सत्त्वम् (sattvam) - the constituent (guṇa) of goodness (goodness, purity, essence, truth, one of the three guṇas)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sattva
sattva - essence, reality, existence, goodness, purity, truth; one of the three guṇas
From sat 'being, existing'
Root: as (class 2)
रजः (rajaḥ) - the constituent (guṇa) of passion/activity (dust, passion, activity, one of the three guṇas)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of rajas
rajas - dust, gloom, impurity; passion, activity, energy; one of the three guṇas
तमः (tamaḥ) - the constituent (guṇa) of darkness/inertia (darkness, ignorance, inertia, one of the three guṇas)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tamas
tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, inertia; one of the three guṇas
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction
एव (eva) - only, just, indeed
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphatic particle
त्रीन् (trīn) - three
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tri
tri - three
Note: Masculine accusative plural of 'tri' (three)
विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vid
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: From root vid 'to know', optative 3rd singular
आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self (ātman) (of the self, of the soul, of oneself)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, individual soul, Supreme Soul (Brahman)
गुणान् (guṇān) - constituents (guṇas) (qualities, constituents, properties, strands)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa
guṇa - quality, attribute, property, virtue, strand, constituent (in Sāṃkhya philosophy)
यैः (yaiḥ) - by which (guṇas) (by which, by whom)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of yad
yad - which, who, what
Note: Masculine instrumental plural of 'yad', referring to 'guṇān'
व्याप्य (vyāpya) - having pervaded, having spread through
(indeclinable)
absolutive/gerund
From vi- + āp 'to obtain, reach', with suffix -ya (k-tvā)
Prefix: vi
Root: āp (class 5)
इमान् (imān) - these
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of idam
idam - this, these
Note: Masculine plural accusative of 'idam'
स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - stands established (standing, situated, established, existing)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita
sthita - standing, existing, situated, abiding
past passive participle
From root sthā 'to stand'
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'mahān'
भावान् (bhāvān) - all these entities (beings, entities, states, sentiments)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of bhāva
bhāva - being, existence, state, condition, entity, sentiment
From root bhū 'to be'
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Object of 'vyāpya'
महान् (mahān) - the great (ātman) (great, large, noble)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat
mahat - great, large, vast, noble; the great principle (cosmic intellect)
Note: Qualifies an implied 'ātman' or 'puruṣa'
सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Note: Qualifies 'bhāvān'
अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, without remainder, entirely
(indeclinable)
From a-śeṣa (without remainder) + -tas
Compound type : nah-tatpurusha (a+śeṣa)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable - śeṣa – remainder, rest, remnant
noun (masculine)
From root śiṣ 'to leave, to remain'
Root: śiṣ (class 7)