मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-12, verse-19
तौ धर्मं पश्यतस्तस्य पापं चातन्द्रितौ सह ।
याभ्यां प्राप्नोति संपृक्तः प्रेत्येह च सुखासुखम ॥१९॥
याभ्यां प्राप्नोति संपृक्तः प्रेत्येह च सुखासुखम ॥१९॥
19. tau dharmaṁ paśyatastasya pāpaṁ cātandritau saha ,
yābhyāṁ prāpnoti saṁpṛktaḥ pretyeha ca sukhāsukham.
yābhyāṁ prāpnoti saṁpṛktaḥ pretyeha ca sukhāsukham.
19.
tau dharmam paśyataḥ tasya pāpam ca atandritau saha
yābhyām prāpnoti sampṛktaḥ pretya iha ca sukhāsukham
yābhyām prāpnoti sampṛktaḥ pretya iha ca sukhāsukham
19.
tau atandritau saha tasya dharmam ca pāpam paśyataḥ
yābhyām sampṛktaḥ iha ca pretya ca sukhāsukham prāpnoti
yābhyām sampṛktaḥ iha ca pretya ca sukhāsukham prāpnoti
19.
Those two (powerful entities) vigilantly observe his acts of righteousness (dharma) and unrighteousness (pāpa) together, through which (actions), being connected, he experiences both happiness and unhappiness, both in this world and after death.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तौ (tau) - the two powerful entities/forces of consequences (dharma and pāpa) (those two)
- धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteous action, moral conduct (righteousness, virtue, duty, natural law)
- पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - they see, they observe
- तस्य (tasya) - of the individual person (from verse 145685) (his, of him)
- पापम् (pāpam) - unrighteous action, transgression (unrighteousness, sin, evil)
- च (ca) - and
- अतन्द्रितौ (atandritau) - unwearied, vigilant, attentive
- सह (saha) - with, together with
- याभ्याम् (yābhyām) - by those (actions of dharma and pāpa) (by which (dual), through which (dual))
- प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches
- सम्पृक्तः (sampṛktaḥ) - connected (with his actions of dharma and pāpa) (connected, joined, associated)
- प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death, having died
- इह (iha) - in this present life (here, in this world)
- च (ca) - and
- सुखासुखम् (sukhāsukham) - happiness and unhappiness
Words meanings and morphology
तौ (tau) - the two powerful entities/forces of consequences (dharma and pāpa) (those two)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Subject of 'paśyataḥ'.
धर्मम् (dharmam) - righteous action, moral conduct (righteousness, virtue, duty, natural law)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - righteousness, duty, moral law, intrinsic nature, natural law
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Object of 'paśyataḥ'.
पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - they see, they observe
(verb)
3rd person , dual, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dṛś
present indicative
root dṛś, takes present stem paśya
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Derived from dṛś (to see), present stem paśya.
तस्य (tasya) - of the individual person (from verse 145685) (his, of him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Possessive, modifies 'dharmam' and 'pāpam'.
पापम् (pāpam) - unrighteous action, transgression (unrighteousness, sin, evil)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa
pāpa - evil, sin, vice, unrighteousness
Note: Object of 'paśyataḥ'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
अतन्द्रितौ (atandritau) - unwearied, vigilant, attentive
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of atandrita
atandrita - unwearied, vigilant, attentive, diligent
Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+tandrita)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
negative prefix - tandrita – wearied, tired, sluggish
adjective (masculine)
past passive participle
from root tandr (to be weary)
Root: tandr (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'tau'.
सह (saha) - with, together with
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial usage meaning 'together'.
याभ्याम् (yābhyām) - by those (actions of dharma and pāpa) (by which (dual), through which (dual))
(pronoun)
Instrumental, dual of yad
yad - which, what
Note: Refers to 'dharmam' and 'pāpam'. Gender is flexible with dual pronouns.
प्राप्नोति (prāpnoti) - attains, obtains, reaches
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of pra-āp
present indicative
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Subject is the implied 'saḥ' (he).
सम्पृक्तः (sampṛktaḥ) - connected (with his actions of dharma and pāpa) (connected, joined, associated)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sampṛkta
sampṛkta - connected, joined, mixed with
past passive participle
from sam-pṛc (to join, mix)
Prefix: sam
Root: pṛc (class 7)
Note: Qualifies the implied 'saḥ' (he).
प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death, having died
(indeclinable)
absolutive
from pra-i (to go forth, die)
Prefix: pra
Root: i (class 2)
इह (iha) - in this present life (here, in this world)
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
सुखासुखम् (sukhāsukham) - happiness and unhappiness
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sukhāsukha
sukhāsukha - happiness and unhappiness, pleasure and pain
Compound type : dvandva (sukha+asukha)
- sukha – happiness, pleasure
noun (neuter) - asukha – unhappiness, pain
noun (neuter)
Prefix: a
Note: Object of 'prāpnoti'. Although a dvandva compound of two states, it's grammatically singular neuter here.