मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-12, verse-103
अज्ञेभ्यो ग्रन्थिनः श्रेष्ठा ग्रन्थिभ्यो धारिणो वराः ।
धारिभ्यो ज्ञानिनः श्रेष्ठा ज्ञानिभ्यो व्यवसायिनः ॥१०३॥
धारिभ्यो ज्ञानिनः श्रेष्ठा ज्ञानिभ्यो व्यवसायिनः ॥१०३॥
103. ajñebhyo granthinaḥ śreṣṭhā granthibhyo dhāriṇo varāḥ ,
dhāribhyo jñāninaḥ śreṣṭhā jñānibhyo vyavasāyinaḥ.
dhāribhyo jñāninaḥ śreṣṭhā jñānibhyo vyavasāyinaḥ.
103.
ajñebhyaḥ granthinaḥ śreṣṭhāḥ granthibhyaḥ dhāriṇaḥ varāḥ
dhāribhyaḥ jñāninaḥ śreṣṭhāḥ jñānibhyaḥ vyavasāyinaḥ
dhāribhyaḥ jñāninaḥ śreṣṭhāḥ jñānibhyaḥ vyavasāyinaḥ
103.
Scholars (those who know texts) are superior to the ignorant. Those who retain (the texts in memory) are better than scholars. Those who possess true understanding are superior to those who merely retain. And those who apply their knowledge practically are superior to mere knowers.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अज्ञेभ्यः (ajñebhyaḥ) - than the ignorant ones (to/from the ignorant, than the ignorant)
- ग्रन्थिनः (granthinaḥ) - scholars (those who know texts) (those who possess texts, scholars, grammarians)
- श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - superior (best, most excellent, superior)
- ग्रन्थिभ्यः (granthibhyaḥ) - than scholars (to/from those who know texts, than those who know texts)
- धारिणः (dhāriṇaḥ) - those who retain (the texts in memory) (those who bear/hold/retain)
- वराः (varāḥ) - better, excellent (best, excellent, superior)
- धारिभ्यः (dhāribhyaḥ) - than those who retain (the texts) (to/from those who retain, than those who retain)
- ज्ञानिनः (jñāninaḥ) - those who possess true understanding (knowing, wise, possessing knowledge)
- श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - superior (best, most excellent, superior)
- ज्ञानिभ्यः (jñānibhyaḥ) - than those who have (mere intellectual) knowledge (to/from those who possess knowledge, than those who possess knowledge)
- व्यवसायिनः (vyavasāyinaḥ) - those who apply their knowledge practically (i.e. those engaged in action based on knowledge) (active, assiduous, resolute, practical men)
Words meanings and morphology
अज्ञेभ्यः (ajñebhyaḥ) - than the ignorant ones (to/from the ignorant, than the ignorant)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, plural of ajña
ajña - ignorant, foolish, not knowing
a (negation) + jña (knower)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jña)
- a – not, un-, in-, negation
indeclinable
Negation prefix. - jña – knowing, wise, knower
adjective
Derived from root jñā.
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Used in comparison with śreṣṭhāḥ. Ablative indicates 'than'.
ग्रन्थिनः (granthinaḥ) - scholars (those who know texts) (those who possess texts, scholars, grammarians)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of granthin
granthin - one who knows/possesses texts, a bookman, scholar
From grantha (text, book) + in (suffix meaning 'having').
Root: granth (class 1)
श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - superior (best, most excellent, superior)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śreṣṭha
śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, superior
Superlative form of praśasya (praiseworthy).
ग्रन्थिभ्यः (granthibhyaḥ) - than scholars (to/from those who know texts, than those who know texts)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, plural of granthin
granthin - one who knows/possesses texts, a bookman, scholar
From grantha (text, book) + in (suffix meaning 'having').
Root: granth (class 1)
Note: Used in comparison.
धारिणः (dhāriṇaḥ) - those who retain (the texts in memory) (those who bear/hold/retain)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dhārin
dhārin - bearing, holding, remembering, retaining
From root dhṛ (to hold, bear) + in (suffix).
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
वराः (varāḥ) - better, excellent (best, excellent, superior)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vara
vara - best, excellent, choicest, boon, bridegroom
From root vṛ (to choose).
Root: vṛ (class 1)
Note: Synonymous with śreṣṭha in this context.
धारिभ्यः (dhāribhyaḥ) - than those who retain (the texts) (to/from those who retain, than those who retain)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, plural of dhārin
dhārin - bearing, holding, remembering, retaining
From root dhṛ (to hold, bear) + in (suffix).
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Used in comparison.
ज्ञानिनः (jñāninaḥ) - those who possess true understanding (knowing, wise, possessing knowledge)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of jñānin
jñānin - knowing, wise, intelligent, one who possesses knowledge
From jñāna (knowledge) + in (suffix meaning 'having').
Root: jñā (class 9)
श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - superior (best, most excellent, superior)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śreṣṭha
śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, superior
Superlative form of praśasya (praiseworthy).
ज्ञानिभ्यः (jñānibhyaḥ) - than those who have (mere intellectual) knowledge (to/from those who possess knowledge, than those who possess knowledge)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, plural of jñānin
jñānin - knowing, wise, intelligent, one who possesses knowledge
From jñāna (knowledge) + in (suffix meaning 'having').
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Used in comparison.
व्यवसायिनः (vyavasāyinaḥ) - those who apply their knowledge practically (i.e. those engaged in action based on knowledge) (active, assiduous, resolute, practical men)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vyavasāyin
vyavasāyin - active, diligent, resolute, practical, enterprising
From vyavasāya (effort, determination, action) + in (suffix meaning 'having'). vyavasāya is from vi-ava-sā (to exert, try).
Prefixes: vi+ava
Root: sā (class 4)
Note: Refers to those who put knowledge into practice.