मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-12, verse-126
इत्येतन मानवं शास्त्रं भृगुप्रोक्तं पठन द्विजः ।
भवत्याचारवान्नित्यं यथेष्टां प्राप्नुयाद गतिम ॥१२६॥
भवत्याचारवान्नित्यं यथेष्टां प्राप्नुयाद गतिम ॥१२६॥
126. ityetan mānavaṁ śāstraṁ bhṛguproktaṁ paṭhan dvijaḥ ,
bhavatyācāravānnityaṁ yatheṣṭāṁ prāpnuyād gatim.
bhavatyācāravānnityaṁ yatheṣṭāṁ prāpnuyād gatim.
126.
iti etat mānavam śāstram bhṛguproktam paṭhan dvijaḥ
bhavati ācāravān nityam yatheṣṭām prāpnuyāt gatim
bhavati ācāravān nityam yatheṣṭām prāpnuyāt gatim
126.
dvijaḥ paṭhan iti etat mānavam śāstram bhṛguproktam
nityam ācāravān bhavati yatheṣṭām gatim prāpnuyāt
nityam ācāravān bhavati yatheṣṭām gatim prāpnuyāt
126.
Thus, a twice-born (dvija) who reads this human scripture (śāstra), proclaimed by Bhṛgu, always becomes a person of good conduct and may attain the state (gati) he desires.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- इति (iti) - thus, in this way (thus, in this manner, here ends)
- एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the scripture) (this, that)
- मानवम् (mānavam) - related to Manu, composed by Manu (human, relating to Manu, human being)
- शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - scripture, sacred text, treatise (scripture, treatise, instruction, rule)
- भृगुप्रोक्तम् (bhṛguproktam) - proclaimed by the sage Bhṛgu (proclaimed by Bhṛgu, spoken by Bhṛgu)
- पठन् (paṭhan) - reading or studying (the scripture) (reading, reciting)
- द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a Brahmin (dvija) (twice-born, Brahmin, bird, snake, tooth)
- भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is, exists)
- आचारवान् (ācāravān) - possessing good conduct, well-behaved (possessing good conduct, well-behaved, virtuous)
- नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly (always, constantly, eternally)
- यथेष्टाम् (yatheṣṭām) - his desired (destination) (as desired, according to wish)
- प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - he may attain (a state) (he should obtain, may he attain)
- गतिम् (gatim) - destination, state (of being) (path, movement, state, destination, course)
Words meanings and morphology
इति (iti) - thus, in this way (thus, in this manner, here ends)
(indeclinable)
एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the scripture) (this, that)
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of etat
etat - this, that (neuter nominative/accusative singular)
Note: The Devanagari `इत्येतन` (ityetana) is interpreted as `iti` + `etat` with sandhi, where the final `t` of `etat` becomes `n` before the following `mānavam`.
मानवम् (mānavam) - related to Manu, composed by Manu (human, relating to Manu, human being)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mānava
mānava - human, relating to Manu, descendant of Manu
Derived from `manu` (Manu).
Note: Used here in the neuter singular accusative to agree with `śāstram`.
शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - scripture, sacred text, treatise (scripture, treatise, instruction, rule)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śāstra
śāstra - rule, command, teaching, treatise, scripture
From root `śās` (to teach, instruct).
Root: śās (class 2)
Note: Object of the action of reading (`paṭhan`).
भृगुप्रोक्तम् (bhṛguproktam) - proclaimed by the sage Bhṛgu (proclaimed by Bhṛgu, spoken by Bhṛgu)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of bhṛguprokta
bhṛguprokta - declared by Bhṛgu
Compound formed from `bhṛgu` and `prokta`.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhṛgu+prokta)
- bhṛgu – name of a sage, a luminary
proper noun (masculine) - prokta – spoken, declared, proclaimed, taught
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root `vac` (to speak) with prefix `pra`. `vac` changes to `ukta` in participle formation, so `pra` + `ukta` = `prokta`.
Prefix: pra
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Agrees with `śāstram`.
पठन् (paṭhan) - reading or studying (the scripture) (reading, reciting)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of paṭhat
paṭhat - reading, reciting
Present Active Participle
From root `paṭh` (to read) in the present tense, active voice. The `n` ending is for masculine nominative singular.
Root: paṭh (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `dvijaḥ`.
द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - a Brahmin (dvija) (twice-born, Brahmin, bird, snake, tooth)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), bird, snake, tooth
Formed from `dvi` (twice) + root `jan` (to be born).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+jan)
- dvi – two, twice
numeral - ja – born, produced from
adjective
Kṛt suffix (agentive/adjectival)
Derived from root `jan` (to be born) with suffix `-a`.
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Subject of the sentence.
भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is, exists)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū
Present Active Indicative
3rd person singular present active.
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Verb for the subject `dvijaḥ`.
आचारवान् (ācāravān) - possessing good conduct, well-behaved (possessing good conduct, well-behaved, virtuous)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ācāravat
ācāravat - possessing good conduct, well-behaved
Formed with `matup` suffix indicating possession, from `ācāra` (conduct) + `vat`.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ācāra+vat)
- ācāra – conduct, custom, good behavior, practice
noun (masculine)
From `ā` + `car` (to move, behave).
Prefix: ā
Root: car (class 1) - vat – possessing, having (suffix)
indeclinable
Matup suffix.
Note: Predicative adjective for `dvijaḥ`.
नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly (always, constantly, eternally)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverb modifying `bhavati` and `ācāravān`.
यथेष्टाम् (yatheṣṭām) - his desired (destination) (as desired, according to wish)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of yatheṣṭa
yatheṣṭa - as desired, according to wish, chosen
Compound of `yathā` (as) and `iṣṭa` (desired).
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+iṣṭa)
- yathā – as, like, according to
indeclinable - iṣṭa – desired, wished, liked, sacrificed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root `iṣ` (to wish, desire).
Root: iṣ (class 6)
Note: Agrees with `gatim`.
प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - he may attain (a state) (he should obtain, may he attain)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of prāp
Optative Active
3rd person singular optative active of root `āp` with prefix `pra`.
Prefix: pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Verb for the subject `dvijaḥ`.
गतिम् (gatim) - destination, state (of being) (path, movement, state, destination, course)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of gati
gati - going, movement, path, course, destiny, state, condition
From root `gam` (to go) with suffix `ti`.
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Object of `prāpnuyāt`. The original Devanagari `गतिम` (gatima) is interpreted as `गतिम्` (gatim) for grammatical correctness in this analysis.