मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-12, verse-4
तस्यैह त्रिविधस्यापि त्र्यधिष्ठानस्य देहिनः ।
दशलक्षणयुक्तस्य मनो विद्यात प्रवर्तकम ॥४॥
दशलक्षणयुक्तस्य मनो विद्यात प्रवर्तकम ॥४॥
4. tasyaiha trividhasyāpi tryadhiṣṭhānasya dehinaḥ ,
daśalakṣaṇayuktasya mano vidyāt pravartakam.
daśalakṣaṇayuktasya mano vidyāt pravartakam.
4.
tasya iha trividhasya api tryadhiṣṭhānasya dehinaḥ
daśalakṣaṇayuktasya manaḥ vidyāt pravartakam
daśalakṣaṇayuktasya manaḥ vidyāt pravartakam
4.
iha trividhasya api tryadhiṣṭhānasya daśalakṣaṇayuktasya
tasya dehinaḥ manaḥ pravartakam vidyāt
tasya dehinaḥ manaḥ pravartakam vidyāt
4.
Even in this world, one should know the mind to be the instigator of that embodied being, which, despite being of three kinds and having three foundations, is endowed with ten characteristics.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्य (tasya) - of that (embodied being) (of that, his)
- इह (iha) - In this material existence (here, in this world)
- त्रिविधस्य (trividhasya) - of the three kinds (of action: mental, verbal, physical) (of three kinds, threefold)
- अपि (api) - even though, despite being (also, even, although)
- त्र्यधिष्ठानस्य (tryadhiṣṭhānasya) - of the embodied being, having three bases (mind, speech, body) (of one having three foundations/bases)
- देहिनः (dehinaḥ) - of the soul dwelling in a body (of the embodied one, of a living being)
- दशलक्षणयुक्तस्य (daśalakṣaṇayuktasya) - of the embodied being, possessing ten specific characteristics of (dharma) (of one endowed with ten characteristics)
- मनः (manaḥ) - The mental faculty responsible for action (mind, intellect)
- विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should perceive or recognize (one should know, understand, realize)
- प्रवर्तकम् (pravartakam) - the primary cause or force behind actions (instigator, activator, promoter)
Words meanings and morphology
तस्य (tasya) - of that (embodied being) (of that, his)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Agrees with 'dehinaḥ'.
इह (iha) - In this material existence (here, in this world)
(indeclinable)
त्रिविधस्य (trividhasya) - of the three kinds (of action: mental, verbal, physical) (of three kinds, threefold)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of trividha
trividha - of three kinds, threefold
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+vidha)
- tri – three
numeral - vidha – kind, sort, manner
noun (masculine)
Note: Agrees with 'dehinaḥ'.
अपि (api) - even though, despite being (also, even, although)
(indeclinable)
त्र्यधिष्ठानस्य (tryadhiṣṭhānasya) - of the embodied being, having three bases (mind, speech, body) (of one having three foundations/bases)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tryadhiṣṭhāna
tryadhiṣṭhāna - having three foundations, three-fold support
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+adhiṣṭhāna)
- tri – three
numeral - adhiṣṭhāna – abode, seat, basis, foundation
noun (neuter)
Prefix: adhi
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'dehinaḥ'.
देहिनः (dehinaḥ) - of the soul dwelling in a body (of the embodied one, of a living being)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of dehin
dehin - embodied, living being, soul in a body
from deha + in
दशलक्षणयुक्तस्य (daśalakṣaṇayuktasya) - of the embodied being, possessing ten specific characteristics of (dharma) (of one endowed with ten characteristics)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of daśalakṣaṇayukta
daśalakṣaṇayukta - endowed with ten characteristics
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśalakṣaṇa+yukta)
- daśalakṣaṇa – ten characteristics (of dharma)
noun (neuter) - yukta – joined, endowed with, possessed of
adjective
Past Passive Participle
derived from root yuj
Root: yuj (class 7)
Note: Agrees with 'dehinaḥ'. The ten characteristics of (dharma) are fortitude, forgiveness, self-control, non-stealing, purity, sense-control, wisdom, knowledge, truthfulness, and absence of anger.
मनः (manaḥ) - The mental faculty responsible for action (mind, intellect)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of manas
manas - mind, intellect, thought
Note: The nominative form is 'manaḥ'.
विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should perceive or recognize (one should know, understand, realize)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vid
optative active
root 'vid' (2nd class), optative active 3rd person singular, parasmaipada
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Implies an impersonal 'one should know'.
प्रवर्तकम् (pravartakam) - the primary cause or force behind actions (instigator, activator, promoter)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pravartaka
pravartaka - one who sets in motion, instigator, promoter
agent noun
from pra- + vṛt + ṇvul
Prefix: pra
Root: vṛt (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'manaḥ' which is being called 'pravartakam'. In Sanskrit, 'manaḥ' can be neuter or masculine, here functioning as a neuter nominative taking a neuter accusative predicate.