मनु-स्मृतिः manu-smṛtiḥ - chapter-12, verse-31

home » Scriptures Library » Manu smriti

View complete chapter

वेदाभ्यासस्तपो ज्ञानं शौचमिन्द्रियनिग्रहः ।
धर्मक्रियाऽत्मचिन्ता च सात्त्विकं गुणलक्षणम ॥३१॥

31. vedābhyāsastapo jñānaṁ śaucamindriyanigrahaḥ ,
dharmakriyā'tmacintā ca sāttvikaṁ guṇalakṣaṇam.

31. vedābhyāsaḥ tapaḥ jñānam śaucam indriyanigrahaḥ
dharmakriyā ātmacintā ca sāttvikam guṇalakṣaṇam

31. Study of the Vedas, spiritual discipline, knowledge, purity, control of the senses, actions conforming to natural law (dharma), and contemplation of the self (ātman) are the hallmarks of the sattvic quality.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

वेदाभ्यासः (vedābhyāsaḥ) - study of the Vedas, practice of Vedic scriptures

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, spiritual discipline, penance

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - spiritual or theoretical knowledge (knowledge, wisdom)

शौचम् (śaucam) - both physical and mental purity (purity, cleanliness)

इन्द्रियनिग्रहः (indriyanigrahaḥ) - control of the senses

धर्मक्रिया (dharmakriyā) - actions performed in accordance with one's intrinsic nature and cosmic law (righteous action, action according to (dharma))

आत्मचिन्ता (ātmacintā) - meditative reflection on the true nature of the self (ātman) (contemplation of the self (ātman), self-reflection)

च (ca) - and

सात्त्विकम् (sāttvikam) - characteristic of the quality of sattva (sattvic, pertaining to sattva)

गुणलक्षणम् (guṇalakṣaṇam) - the defining characteristic of a specific (guṇa) (characteristic of a quality)

Words meanings and morphology

वेदाभ्यासः (vedābhyāsaḥ) - study of the Vedas, practice of Vedic scriptures

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vedābhyāsa

vedābhyāsa - study of the Vedas, practice of Vedic texts

Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+abhyāsa)

veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
noun (masculine)
Root: vid (class 2)
abhyāsa – study, practice, repetition
noun (masculine)
Prefix: abhi
Root: as (class 4)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, spiritual discipline, penance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - spiritual or theoretical knowledge (knowledge, wisdom)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, understanding

Root: jñā (class 9)

शौचम् (śaucam) - both physical and mental purity (purity, cleanliness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śauca

śauca - purity, cleanliness, integrity

Derived from śuci (pure)

इन्द्रियनिग्रहः (indriyanigrahaḥ) - control of the senses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indriyanigraha

indriyanigraha - restraint of the senses, self-control

Compound type : tatpurusha (indriya+nigraha)

indriya – sense organ, faculty
noun (neuter)
nigraha – restraint, control, suppression
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ni
Root: grah (class 9)

धर्मक्रिया (dharmakriyā) - actions performed in accordance with one's intrinsic nature and cosmic law (righteous action, action according to (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharmakriyā

dharmakriyā - religious rite, moral act, action in accordance with (dharma)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+kriyā)

dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
kriyā – action, rite, activity
noun (feminine)
Root: kṛ (class 8)

आत्मचिन्ता (ātmacintā) - meditative reflection on the true nature of the self (ātman) (contemplation of the self (ātman), self-reflection)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ātmacintā

ātmacintā - self-reflection, contemplation of the soul/self

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+cintā)