मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-12, verse-37
यत सर्वेणेच्छति ज्ञातुं यन्न लज्जति चाचरन ।
येन तुष्यति चात्माऽस्य तत सत्त्वगुणलक्षणम ॥३७॥
येन तुष्यति चात्माऽस्य तत सत्त्वगुणलक्षणम ॥३७॥
37. yat sarveṇecchati jñātuṁ yanna lajjati cācaran ,
yena tuṣyati cātmā'sya tat sattvaguṇalakṣaṇam.
yena tuṣyati cātmā'sya tat sattvaguṇalakṣaṇam.
37.
yat sarveṇa icchati jñātum yat na lajjati ca ācaran
yena tuṣyati ca ātmā asya tat sattvaguṇalakṣaṇam
yena tuṣyati ca ātmā asya tat sattvaguṇalakṣaṇam
37.
yat sarveṇa jñātum icchati ca ācaran yat na lajjati
ca yena asya ātmā tuṣyati tat sattvaguṇalakṣaṇam
ca yena asya ātmā tuṣyati tat sattvaguṇalakṣaṇam
37.
That action (karma) which one wishes for all to know, and performing which one feels no shame, and by which one's inner self (ātman) is satisfied; that is the characteristic of the sattva (guṇa).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यत् (yat) - which (action) (which, whatever)
- सर्वेण (sarveṇa) - by all (people) (by all, completely)
- इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes
- ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know
- यत् (yat) - which (action) (which, whatever)
- न (na) - not
- लज्जति (lajjati) - feels ashamed, is embarrassed
- च (ca) - and
- आचरन् (ācaran) - while performing (the action) (performing, practicing)
- येन (yena) - by which (action) (by which)
- तुष्यति (tuṣyati) - is satisfied, delights
- च (ca) - and
- आत्मा (ātmā) - one's inner being or conscience (self, soul, spirit)
- अस्य (asya) - of his (self) (of him/her/it, his/her/its)
- तत् (tat) - that (action) (that)
- सत्त्वगुणलक्षणम् (sattvaguṇalakṣaṇam) - characteristic of the quality of sattva
Words meanings and morphology
यत् (yat) - which (action) (which, whatever)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, whatever
Note: Refers to the action being described.
सर्वेण (sarveṇa) - by all (people) (by all, completely)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Note: Implies 'by all people'.
इच्छति (icchati) - desires, wishes
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of iṣ
Root: iṣ (class 6)
Note: Main verb of the first clause.
ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know
(indeclinable)
Infinitive
Formed from root 'jñā' (to know) + '-tum' suffix.
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Object of 'icchati'.
यत् (yat) - which (action) (which, whatever)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, whatever
Note: Refers to the action being described.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Note: Negates 'lajjati'.
लज्जति (lajjati) - feels ashamed, is embarrassed
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of lajj
Root: lajj (class 1)
Note: Main verb of the second clause.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'icchati' clause with 'lajjati' clause.
आचरन् (ācaran) - while performing (the action) (performing, practicing)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ācarat
car - to move, to act, to perform
Present Active Participle
From root 'car' (class 1) with prefix 'ā-', present stem 'ācara-', forming present active participle 'ācarat'.
Prefix: ā
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Masculine nominative singular, refers to the agent of not being ashamed.
येन (yena) - by which (action) (by which)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, whatever
Note: Refers to the action mentioned previously.
तुष्यति (tuṣyati) - is satisfied, delights
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of tuṣ
Root: tuṣ (class 4)
Note: Main verb of the third clause.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects 'lajjati' clause with 'tuṣyati' clause.
आत्मा (ātmā) - one's inner being or conscience (self, soul, spirit)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, mind
Root: an (class 2)
Note: Subject of 'tuṣyati'.
अस्य (asya) - of his (self) (of him/her/it, his/her/its)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idad
idad - this, this one
Note: Possessive, refers to the agent.
तत् (tat) - that (action) (that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, this
Note: Refers back to the action described in the 'yat' clauses.
सत्त्वगुणलक्षणम् (sattvaguṇalakṣaṇam) - characteristic of the quality of sattva
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sattvaguṇalakṣaṇa
sattvaguṇalakṣaṇa - characteristic of the quality of sattva
Compound type : tatpurusha (sattva+guṇa+lakṣaṇa)
- sattva – purity, goodness, reality, essence
noun (neuter) - guṇa – quality, attribute, constituent of nature
noun (masculine) - lakṣaṇa – characteristic, mark, definition
noun (neuter)
Note: The predicate noun for 'tat'.