मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-12, verse-30
त्रयाणामपि चैतेषां गुणानां यः फलोदयः ।
अग्र्यो मध्यो जघन्यश्च तं प्रवक्ष्याम्यशेषतः ॥३०॥
अग्र्यो मध्यो जघन्यश्च तं प्रवक्ष्याम्यशेषतः ॥३०॥
30. trayāṇāmapi caiteṣāṁ guṇānāṁ yaḥ phalodayaḥ ,
agryo madhyo jaghanyaśca taṁ pravakṣyāmyaśeṣataḥ.
agryo madhyo jaghanyaśca taṁ pravakṣyāmyaśeṣataḥ.
30.
trayāṇām api ca eteṣām guṇānām yaḥ phalodayaḥ agryaḥ
madhyaḥ jaghanyaḥ ca tam pravakṣyāmi aśeṣataḥ
madhyaḥ jaghanyaḥ ca tam pravakṣyāmi aśeṣataḥ
30.
yaḥ eteṣām trayāṇām api guṇānām phalodayaḥ agryaḥ
madhyaḥ jaghanyaḥ ca tam aśeṣataḥ pravakṣyāmi
madhyaḥ jaghanyaḥ ca tam aśeṣataḥ pravakṣyāmi
30.
I will now fully explain, without any omission, the results of these three qualities (guṇa), which are distinguished as excellent, middling, and inferior.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- त्रयाणाम् (trayāṇām) - of the three
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- च (ca) - and, moreover
- एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - referring to the three guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas) previously mentioned or implicitly understood (of these)
- गुणानाम् (guṇānām) - of the three constituent qualities (sattva, rajas, tamas) of nature (of the qualities)
- यः (yaḥ) - which (result) (which, whatever)
- फलोदयः (phalodayaḥ) - the arising or manifestation of results (outcome, result, fruit)
- अग्र्यः (agryaḥ) - of the excellent type (referring to results) (excellent, foremost, principal)
- मध्यः (madhyaḥ) - of the middling type (referring to results) (middling, intermediate, central)
- जघन्यः (jaghanyaḥ) - of the lowest or inferior type (referring to results) (lowest, inferior, hindmost)
- च (ca) - and
- तम् (tam) - that (outcome) (that)
- प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will fully explain (I will declare, I will explain)
- अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder
Words meanings and morphology
त्रयाणाम् (trayāṇām) - of the three
(numeral)
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and, moreover
(indeclinable)
एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - referring to the three guṇas (sattva, rajas, tamas) previously mentioned or implicitly understood (of these)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
गुणानाम् (guṇānām) - of the three constituent qualities (sattva, rajas, tamas) of nature (of the qualities)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of guṇa
guṇa - quality, constituent of nature, strand, virtue
यः (yaḥ) - which (result) (which, whatever)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what
Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'phalodayaḥ'.
फलोदयः (phalodayaḥ) - the arising or manifestation of results (outcome, result, fruit)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of phalodaya
phalodaya - result, outcome, fruit, consequence, prosperity
Compound type : tatpurusha (phala+udaya)
- phala – fruit, result, consequence
noun (neuter) - udaya – rising, appearance, increase, outcome
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ud
Root: i (class 2)
अग्र्यः (agryaḥ) - of the excellent type (referring to results) (excellent, foremost, principal)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of agrya
agrya - foremost, excellent, principal, chief
Note: Qualifies `phalodayaḥ`.
मध्यः (madhyaḥ) - of the middling type (referring to results) (middling, intermediate, central)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of madhya
madhya - middle, central, intermediate, middling
Note: Qualifies `phalodayaḥ`.
जघन्यः (jaghanyaḥ) - of the lowest or inferior type (referring to results) (lowest, inferior, hindmost)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jaghanya
jaghanya - last, lowest, hindmost, inferior, base
Note: Qualifies `phalodayaḥ`.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects `madhyaḥ` and `jaghanyaḥ`.
तम् (tam) - that (outcome) (that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers back to `phalodayaḥ`. Object of `pravakṣyāmi`.
प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will fully explain (I will declare, I will explain)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, future (ḷrṭ) of vac
Future Active
1st person singular, parasmaipada, future tense
Prefix: pra
Root: vac (class 2)
अशेषतः (aśeṣataḥ) - completely, entirely, without remainder
(indeclinable)
Suffix -tas indicating 'from, by, or in respect of all'