मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-12, verse-34
त्रयाणामपि चैतेषां गुणानां त्रिषु तिष्ठताम ।
इदं सामासिकं ज्ञेयं क्रमशो गुणलक्षणम ॥३४॥
इदं सामासिकं ज्ञेयं क्रमशो गुणलक्षणम ॥३४॥
34. trayāṇāmapi caiteṣāṁ guṇānāṁ triṣu tiṣṭhatām ,
idaṁ sāmāsikaṁ jñeyaṁ kramaśo guṇalakṣaṇam.
idaṁ sāmāsikaṁ jñeyaṁ kramaśo guṇalakṣaṇam.
34.
trayāṇām api ca eteṣām guṇānām triṣu tiṣṭhatām
idam sāmāsikam jñeyam kramaśaḥ guṇalakṣaṇam
idam sāmāsikam jñeyam kramaśaḥ guṇalakṣaṇam
34.
idam eteṣām trayāṇām api triṣu tiṣṭhatām
guṇānām sāmāsikam guṇalakṣaṇam kramaśaḥ jñeyam
guṇānām sāmāsikam guṇalakṣaṇam kramaśaḥ jñeyam
34.
And of these three qualities (guṇas), which are present in all three (aspects of existence), this summary of their characteristics should be understood sequentially.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- त्रयाणाम् (trayāṇām) - of the three qualities (of the three)
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
- च (ca) - and
- एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these (qualities) (of these)
- गुणानाम् (guṇānām) - of the three constituent qualities (sattva, rajas, tamas) of nature (of the qualities, of the strands)
- त्रिषु (triṣu) - in the three (worlds/realms/aspects of existence) (in the three)
- तिष्ठताम् (tiṣṭhatām) - of those (qualities) that exist (of those standing, existing, abiding)
- इदम् (idam) - this (description) (this)
- सामासिकम् (sāmāsikam) - a concise description (concise, summary, brief)
- ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - to be known, should be understood
- क्रमशः (kramaśaḥ) - in order, successively, sequentially
- गुणलक्षणम् (guṇalakṣaṇam) - characteristic of the qualities, definition of the qualities
Words meanings and morphology
त्रयाणाम् (trayāṇām) - of the three qualities (of the three)
(numeral)
Note: Can agree with all genders, here with 'guṇānām'.
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects clauses or words.
एतेषाम् (eteṣām) - of these (qualities) (of these)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Masculine genitive plural, agreeing with 'guṇānām'.
गुणानाम् (guṇānām) - of the three constituent qualities (sattva, rajas, tamas) of nature (of the qualities, of the strands)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of guṇa
guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent of nature
त्रिषु (triṣu) - in the three (worlds/realms/aspects of existence) (in the three)
(numeral)
Note: Locative plural, refers to the universal presence of the guṇas.
तिष्ठताम् (tiṣṭhatām) - of those (qualities) that exist (of those standing, existing, abiding)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of tiṣṭhat
sthā - to stand, to remain, to exist
Present Active Participle
From root 'sthā' (class 1), present stem 'tiṣṭha-', forming present active participle 'tiṣṭhat'.
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Genitive plural, agreeing with 'guṇānām'.
इदम् (idam) - this (description) (this)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idad
idad - this, this one
Note: Refers to the upcoming description.
सामासिकम् (sāmāsikam) - a concise description (concise, summary, brief)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sāmāsika
sāmāsika - summary, concise, belonging to a compound
Derived from 'samāsa' (compound, collection) + '-ika' suffix.
Note: Agrees with 'guṇalakṣaṇam' (implied as neuter here).
ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - to be known, should be understood
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jñeya
jñeya - to be known, knowable
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
Formed from root 'jñā' (to know) + '-ya' suffix.
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Indicates obligation or necessity.
क्रमशः (kramaśaḥ) - in order, successively, sequentially
(indeclinable)
Formed from 'krama' (order) + '-śas' suffix.
Note: Indicates the manner of understanding.
गुणलक्षणम् (guṇalakṣaṇam) - characteristic of the qualities, definition of the qualities
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of guṇalakṣaṇa
guṇalakṣaṇa - characteristic of qualities, definition of qualities
Compound type : tatpurusha (guṇa+lakṣaṇa)
- guṇa – quality, attribute, constituent of nature
noun (masculine) - lakṣaṇa – characteristic, mark, definition
noun (neuter)
Note: The main subject of what is to be known.