मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-12, verse-39
येन यस्तु गुणेनैषां संसरान प्रतिपद्यते ।
तान समासेन वक्ष्यामि सर्वस्यास्य यथाक्रमम ॥३९॥
तान समासेन वक्ष्यामि सर्वस्यास्य यथाक्रमम ॥३९॥
39. yena yastu guṇenaiṣāṁ saṁsarān pratipadyate ,
tān samāsena vakṣyāmi sarvasyāsya yathākramam.
tān samāsena vakṣyāmi sarvasyāsya yathākramam.
39.
yena yaḥ tu guṇena eṣām saṃsarān pratipadyate |
tān samāsena vakṣyāmi sarvasya asya yathākramam
tān samāsena vakṣyāmi sarvasya asya yathākramam
39.
yaḥ tu yena guṇena eṣām saṃsarān pratipadyate
tān asya sarvasya yathākramam samāsena vakṣyāmi
tān asya sarvasya yathākramam samāsena vakṣyāmi
39.
I will now briefly explain, in due order, by means of which of these qualities a person attains various states of existence (saṃsāra), covering this entire topic.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- येन (yena) - by means of which (by which, with which)
- यः (yaḥ) - a person, whoever (whoever, he who, which)
- तु (tu) - now, however (but, indeed, however)
- गुणेन (guṇena) - by means of a quality (guna) (by quality, by means of a quality)
- एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (qualities) (of these)
- संसरान् (saṁsarān) - various states of existence (saṃsāra) (existences, transmigrations, wanderings)
- प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - attains (attains, reaches, enters, understands)
- तान् (tān) - those (states of existence) (those)
- समासेन (samāsena) - briefly (by means of a compound, concisely, briefly, in short)
- वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will explain (I will speak, I will say, I will declare)
- सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of this entire (topic) (of all, of the whole)
- अस्य (asya) - of this (topic) (of this, of him, of it)
- यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in due order (in due order, successively)
Words meanings and morphology
येन (yena) - by means of which (by which, with which)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yat
yat - which, what, that
Note: Refers to guṇena.
यः (yaḥ) - a person, whoever (whoever, he who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yat
yat - which, what, that, whoever
Note: Relative pronoun referring to an unspecified person.
तु (tu) - now, however (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used to introduce a new topic or emphasize.
गुणेन (guṇena) - by means of a quality (guna) (by quality, by means of a quality)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of guṇa
guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent, strand, virtue
Note: Refers to the three gunas (sattva, rajas, tamas).
एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (qualities) (of these)
(pronoun)
Genitive, plural of idam
idam - this, these
Note: Refers to the three qualities mentioned previously.
संसरान् (saṁsarān) - various states of existence (saṃsāra) (existences, transmigrations, wanderings)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of saṃsāra
saṁsāra - transmigration, cycle of rebirth, worldly existence
Prefix: sam
Root: sṛ (class 1)
प्रतिपद्यते (pratipadyate) - attains (attains, reaches, enters, understands)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of pad
Present Middle Indicative
Root pad (4th conjugation), with prefix prati, ātmanepada, 3rd person singular
Prefix: prati
Root: pad (class 4)
तान् (tān) - those (states of existence) (those)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Refers back to saṃsarān.
समासेन (samāsena) - briefly (by means of a compound, concisely, briefly, in short)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of samāsa
samāsa - compound, conciseness, summary
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: as (class 2)
वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will explain (I will speak, I will say, I will declare)
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, future indicative (lṛṭ) of vac
Future Active Indicative
Root vac (2nd conjugation), active voice, parasmaipada, 1st person singular
Root: vac (class 2)
सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of this entire (topic) (of all, of the whole)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
Note: Agrees with asya.
अस्य (asya) - of this (topic) (of this, of him, of it)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of idam
idam - this, these
Note: Agrees with sarvasya.
यथाक्रमम् (yathākramam) - in due order (in due order, successively)
(indeclinable)
Indeclinable compound (avyayībhāva) of yathā and krama
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+krama)
- yathā – as, like, according to
indeclinable - krama – order, sequence, step
noun (masculine)
Note: Adverbial compound.