महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-122, verse-66

कर्णोऽपि विह्वलो राजन्सात्वतेनार्दितः शरैः ।
दुर्योधनरथं राजन्नारुरोह विनिःश्वसन् ॥६६॥

66. karṇo'pi vihvalo rājansātvatenārditaḥ śaraiḥ ,
duryodhanarathaṁ rājannāruroha viniḥśvasan.

66. karṇaḥ api vihvalaḥ rājan sātvatena arditaḥ
śaraiḥ duryodhanaratham rājan ārūroha viniḥśvasan

66. rājan rājan karṇaḥ api vihvalaḥ sātvatena śaraiḥ
arditaḥ viniḥśvasan duryodhanaratham ārūroha

66. Karna, too, O King, bewildered and tormented by Satyaki's arrows, mounted Duryodhana's chariot, sighing deeply.

Words meanings summery:

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• विह्वलः (vihvalaḥ) - bewildered, agitated, distressed

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• सात्वतेन (sātvatena) - by Satyaki

• अर्दितः (arditaḥ) - afflicted, tormented, wounded

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• दुर्योधनरथम् (duryodhanaratham) - Duryodhana's chariot

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• आरूरोह (ārūroha) - he mounted, he ascended

• विनिःश्वसन् (viniḥśvasan) - sighing deeply, exhaling with difficulty

Words meanings and morphology

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

विह्वलः (vihvalaḥ) - bewildered, agitated, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihvala

vihvala - bewildered, agitated, distressed, overcome

From 'vi' (asunder) + 'hvala' (trembling, unsteady, from root 'hval')

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vi+hvala)

• vi – asunder, apart, away
  indeclinable
• hvala – trembling, unsteady, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'hval' (to tremble)
  Root: hval (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'karṇaḥ'

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Root: rāj (class 1)

सात्वतेन (sātvatena) - by Satyaki

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sātvata

sātvata - descendant of Satvat, Satyaki

Patronymic, referring to Satyaki

अर्दितः (arditaḥ) - afflicted, tormented, wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ardita

ardita - afflicted, distressed, tormented, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from root 'ṛd' (to torment, to harass)

Root: ṛd (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'karṇaḥ'

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ (class 1)

दुर्योधनरथम् (duryodhanaratham) - Duryodhana's chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhanaratha

duryodhanaratha - chariot of Duryodhana

Compound: 'Duryodhana' (proper name) + 'ratha' (chariot)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duryodhana+ratha)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Root: rāj (class 1)

आरूरोह (ārūroha) - he mounted, he ascended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ā-ruh

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

Perfect (liṭ-lakāra), 3rd person, singular, active voice, from root 'ruh' (class 1) with upasarga 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

विनिःश्वसन् (viniḥśvasan) - sighing deeply, exhaling with difficulty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vi-niḥ-śvas

śvas - to breathe, to hiss, to sigh

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle (śatṛ), masculine, singular, nominative, from root 'śvas' (class 2) with upasargas 'vi' and 'niḥ'.

Prefixes: vi+niḥ

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'karṇaḥ' acting as an adverbial modifier.