महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-122, verse-28

उपायान्तं तु राधेयं दृष्ट्वा पार्थो महारथः ।
प्रहसन्देवकीपुत्रमिदं वचनमब्रवीत् ॥२८॥

28. upāyāntaṁ tu rādheyaṁ dṛṣṭvā pārtho mahārathaḥ ,
prahasandevakīputramidaṁ vacanamabravīt.

28. upāyāntam tu rādheyam dṛṣṭvā pārthaḥ mahārathaḥ
prahasan devakīputram idam vacanam abravīt

28. tu mahārathaḥ pārthaḥ upāyāntam rādheyam dṛṣṭvā,
prahasan idam vacanam devakīputram abravīt.

28. But the great warrior (mahāratha) Arjuna (Pārtha), having seen Karna (Rādheya) approaching, smiling, spoke these words to Krishna, the son of Devaki (Devakīputra).

Words meanings summery:

• उपायान्तम् (upāyāntam) - approaching, coming near

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, and

• राधेयम् (rādheyam) - Karna (son of Radha, Karna)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great warrior, one who fights from a great chariot

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

• देवकीपुत्रम् (devakīputram) - Krishna (son of Devaki, Krishna)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

उपायान्तम् (upāyāntam) - approaching, coming near

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upāyānta

upāyānta - approaching, coming near

Present Active Participle

Derived from root YĀ (to go) with upasargas UPA- and Ā-, suffix -at (śatṛ).

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies Rādheyam.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, and

(indeclinable)

राधेयम् (rādheyam) - Karna (son of Radha, Karna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rādheya

rādheya - son of Radha (an epithet of Karna)

Derived from Rādhā with suffix -eya (patronymic).

Note: Object of Dṛṣṭvā.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root DṚŚ (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (an epithet of Arjuna, Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma)

Derived from Pṛthā (Kunti) with suffix -a (patronymic).

Note: Subject of Abravīt.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great warrior, one who fights from a great chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, one who fights from a great chariot, a commander of a large force

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)

Note: An attribute of Pārtha.

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - smiling, laughing, deriding

Present Active Participle

Derived from root HAS (to laugh) with upasarga PRA-, suffix -at (śatṛ).

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Modifies Pārtha.

देवकीपुत्रम् (devakīputram) - Krishna (son of Devaki, Krishna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devakīputra

devakīputra - son of Devaki (an epithet of Krishna)

Compound type : tatpurusha (devakī+putra)

• devakī – Devaki (mother of Krishna)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of Abravīt.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Modifies vacanam.

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, statement, utterance

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of Abravīt.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Root BRŪ (2nd class), imperfect, 3rd person singular.

Root: brū (class 2)