महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-122, verse-53

नभस्तलगताश्चैव देवगन्धर्वदानवाः ।
अतीवावहिता द्रष्टुं कर्णशैनेययो रणम् ॥५३॥

53. nabhastalagatāścaiva devagandharvadānavāḥ ,
atīvāvahitā draṣṭuṁ karṇaśaineyayo raṇam.

53. nabhastalagatāḥ ca eva devagandharvadānavāḥ
atīva avahitāḥ draṣṭum karṇaśaineyayoḥ raṇam

53. ca eva nabhastalagatāḥ devagandharvadānavāḥ
karṇaśaineyayoḥ raṇam draṣṭum atīva avahitāḥ

53. And indeed, the gods, gandharvas, and dānavas, positioned in the sky, were extremely attentive to witness the battle between Karṇa and Śaineya.

Words meanings summery:

• नभस्तलगताः (nabhastalagatāḥ) - gone to the surface of the sky, sky-dwellers, those in the sky

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• देवगन्धर्वदानवाः (devagandharvadānavāḥ) - gods, gandharvas, and dānavas

• अतीव (atīva) - excessively, very much, extremely

• अवहिताः (avahitāḥ) - attentive, absorbed, engrossed

• द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, in order to see

• कर्णशैनेययोः (karṇaśaineyayoḥ) - of Karṇa and Śaineya (Sātyaki) (of Karṇa and Śaineya)

• रणम् (raṇam) - battle, fight, war

Words meanings and morphology

नभस्तलगताः (nabhastalagatāḥ) - gone to the surface of the sky, sky-dwellers, those in the sky

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nabhastalagata

nabhastalagata - situated on the surface of the sky, dwelling in the sky

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (nabhastala+gata)

• nabhastala – sky-surface, atmosphere
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, reached, situated
  past passive participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

देवगन्धर्वदानवाः (devagandharvadānavāḥ) - gods, gandharvas, and dānavas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devagandharvadānava

devagandharvadānava - gods, gandharvas, and dānavas (a collective term for various celestial and demonic beings)

Compound type : dvandva (deva+gandharva+dānava)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• gandharva – celestial musician, divine singer
  noun (masculine)
• dānava – a class of demons, sons of Danu
  noun (masculine)

अतीव (atīva) - excessively, very much, extremely

(indeclinable)

Often treated as a single indeclinable adverb, though grammatically analyzable as `ati` + `iva`.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+iva)

• ati – very, exceedingly, beyond
  indeclinable
• iva – like, as if, as
  indeclinable

अवहिताः (avahitāḥ) - attentive, absorbed, engrossed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avahita

avahita - attentive, careful, absorbed, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `dhā` (to place) with prefix `ava` and suffix `kta`.

Prefix: ava

Root: dhā (class 3)

द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, in order to see

(infinitive)

कर्णशैनेययोः (karṇaśaineyayoḥ) - of Karṇa and Śaineya (Sātyaki) (of Karṇa and Śaineya)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of karṇaśaineya

karṇaśaineya - Karṇa and Śaineya (Sātyaki)

Compound type : dvandva (karṇa+śaineya)

• karṇa – Karṇa (proper name of a warrior)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śaineya – Śaineya (patronymic of Sātyaki)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Derived from Śini, indicating a descendant.

रणम् (raṇam) - battle, fight, war

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, combat, war