महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-122, verse-63

ततो विमनसो राजंस्तावकाः पुरुषर्षभाः ।
वृषसेनः कर्णसुतः शल्यो मद्राधिपस्तथा ॥६३॥

63. tato vimanaso rājaṁstāvakāḥ puruṣarṣabhāḥ ,
vṛṣasenaḥ karṇasutaḥ śalyo madrādhipastathā.

63. tataḥ vimanasaḥ rājan tāvakāḥ puruṣarṣabhāḥ
vṛṣasenaḥ karṇasutaḥ śalyaḥ madrādhipaḥ tathā

63. rājan tataḥ tāvakāḥ puruṣarṣabhāḥ vṛṣasenaḥ
karṇasutaḥ śalyaḥ madrādhipaḥ tathā vimanasaḥ

63. Then, O King, your foremost warriors—Vrishasena, Karna's son; Shalya, the king of the Madras; and similarly (Droṇa's son, mentioned in the next verse)—became disheartened.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, thence

• विमनसः (vimanasaḥ) - dejected, disheartened, dispirited

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - Duryodhana's warriors (your men, your people, those belonging to you)

• पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - best among men, leading men, foremost warriors

• वृषसेनः (vṛṣasenaḥ) - Vrishasena, son of Karna (Vrishasena)

• कर्णसुतः (karṇasutaḥ) - son of Karna

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya, the king of Madra (Shalya)

• मद्राधिपः (madrādhipaḥ) - king of Madra, ruler of the Madras

• तथा (tathā) - Connects to the next enumerated warrior in the following verse (and, likewise, thus, also)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, thence

(indeclinable)

विमनसः (vimanasaḥ) - dejected, disheartened, dispirited

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vimanasa

vimanasa - dejected, dispirited, sad

From vi (negative prefix) + manas (mind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+manas)

• vi – apart, asunder, away; negative prefix
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with puruṣarṣabhāḥ

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Root: rāj (class 1)

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - Duryodhana's warriors (your men, your people, those belonging to you)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you, relating to you

Derived from pronominal base 'tva' (you)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana's warriors

पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - best among men, leading men, foremost warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, foremost of men

Compound 'puruṣa' (man) + 'ṛṣabha' (bull, best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes tāvakāḥ

वृषसेनः (vṛṣasenaḥ) - Vrishasena, son of Karna (Vrishasena)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛṣasena

vṛṣasena - Vrishasena (proper name)

कर्णसुतः (karṇasutaḥ) - son of Karna

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇasuta

karṇasuta - son of Karna

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karṇa+suta)

• karṇa – Karna (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• suta – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'sū' (to bring forth, beget)
  Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Epithet for Vrishasena

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya, the king of Madra (Shalya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Shalya (proper name), dart, spear, thorn

मद्राधिपः (madrādhipaḥ) - king of Madra, ruler of the Madras

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrādhipa

madrādhipa - ruler of Madra

Compound: 'Madra' (name of a country/people) + 'adhipa' (ruler)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+adhipa)

• madra – Madra (name of a country and its people)
  proper noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, king
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'adhi' (over) + 'pa' (protector, ruler from root 'pā')
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Epithet for Shalya

तथा (tathā) - Connects to the next enumerated warrior in the following verse (and, likewise, thus, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the next enumerated warrior in the following verse