महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-122, verse-44

स केशवस्यानुमते रथं दारुकसंयुतम् ।
आरुरोह शिनेः पौत्रो ज्वलनादित्यसंनिभम् ॥४४॥

44. sa keśavasyānumate rathaṁ dārukasaṁyutam ,
āruroha śineḥ pautro jvalanādityasaṁnibham.

44. saḥ keśavasya anumate ratham dārukasaṃyutam
ārūroha śineḥ pautraḥ jvalanādityasaṃnibham

44. saḥ śineḥ pautraḥ keśavasya anumate dārukasaṃyutam
jvalanādityasaṃnibham ratham ārūroha

44. With Keshava's (Krishna's) permission, he, Shini's grandson (Satyaki), ascended the chariot, which was attended by Daruka and shone like the blazing sun.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - referring to Satyaki (he)

• केशवस्य (keśavasya) - of Keshava, of Krishna

• अनुमते (anumate) - by the permission of (Keshava) (permission, consent)

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• दारुकसंयुतम् (dārukasaṁyutam) - accompanied by Daruka, joined with Daruka

• आरूरोह (ārūroha) - ascended, mounted

• शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Shini

• पौत्रः (pautraḥ) - Satyaki, the grandson of Shini (grandson)

• ज्वलनादित्यसंनिभम् (jvalanādityasaṁnibham) - resembling the blazing sun

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - referring to Satyaki (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

केशवस्य (keśavasya) - of Keshava, of Krishna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - name of Krishna

अनुमते (anumate) - by the permission of (Keshava) (permission, consent)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of anumata

anumata - permitted, consented to, approved

Past Passive Participle

from root man (to think) with prefix anu; -ta suffix

Prefix: anu

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Here functioning as a noun, meaning 'by the permission of'.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

दारुकसंयुतम् (dārukasaṁyutam) - accompanied by Daruka, joined with Daruka

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dārukasaṃyuta

dārukasaṁyuta - accompanied by Daruka

compound adjective describing the chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāruka+saṃyuta)

• dāruka – name of Krishna's charioteer
  proper noun (masculine)
• saṃyuta – joined, united, endowed with, accompanied by
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root yu (to join) with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yu (class 7)

Note: agrees with 'ratham'

आरूरोह (ārūroha) - ascended, mounted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of ā-ruh

perfect past tense, 3rd person singular

root ruh with prefix ā, reduplication for perfect tense

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Shini

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śini

śini - name of a Yadava ancestor

पौत्रः (pautraḥ) - Satyaki, the grandson of Shini (grandson)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pautra

pautra - grandson, son's son

from putrā with suffix -a (descendant)

ज्वलनादित्यसंनिभम् (jvalanādityasaṁnibham) - resembling the blazing sun

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jvalanādityasaṃnibha

jvalanādityasaṁnibha - resembling the blazing sun

compound adjective describing the chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jvalana+āditya+saṃnibha)

• jvalana – blazing, burning, fire
  noun (masculine)
  from root jval 'to blaze'
  Root: jval (class 1)
• āditya – sun, son of Aditi
  noun (masculine)
• saṃnibha – resembling, similar to
  adjective (masculine)
  from sam-bhā (to appear, shine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: agrees with 'ratham'