महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-122, verse-6

सोऽजिघांसुर्गुरुं संख्ये गुरोस्तनयमेव च ।
चकाराचार्यकं तत्र कुन्तीपुत्रो धनंजयः ॥६॥

6. so'jighāṁsurguruṁ saṁkhye gurostanayameva ca ,
cakārācāryakaṁ tatra kuntīputro dhanaṁjayaḥ.

6. saḥ ajighāṃsuḥ gurum saṃkhye guroḥ tanayam eva ca
cakāra ācāryakam tatra kuntīputraḥ dhanañjayaḥ

6. saḥ kuntīputraḥ dhanañjayaḥ saṃkhye gurum guroḥ
tanayam eva ca ajighāṃsuḥ tatra ācāryakam cakāra

6. Therefore, Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), the son of Kuntī, not wishing to kill his teacher (guru) or even his teacher's son in that battle, showed due respect (ācāryakam).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that (person))

• अजिघांसुः (ajighāṁsuḥ) - not wishing to kill (not wishing to kill, unwilling to kill)

• गुरुम् (gurum) - to his teacher (Droṇa) (to the teacher (guru), to the preceptor)

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in war, in number)

• गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher (Droṇa) (of the teacher (guru), from the teacher)

• तनयम् (tanayam) - to the son (Aśvatthāman) (to the son, the son)

• एव (eva) - even (indeed, just, only, even)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• चकार (cakāra) - he showed (respect) (he did, he made, he performed)

• आचार्यकम् (ācāryakam) - due respect (for a teacher) (act of a teacher, the duty of a student, respect for a teacher)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in that situation/battle) (there, in that place, in that situation)

• कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - Arjuna (son of Kuntī, Arjuna)

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth, Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Arjuna) (he, that (person))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

अजिघांसुः (ajighāṁsuḥ) - not wishing to kill (not wishing to kill, unwilling to kill)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajighāṃsu

ajighāṁsu - not wishing to kill, not murderous

Desiderative participle (negative)

Negation 'a-' + desiderative stem of √han (to kill) + -u suffix (agent noun/adjective).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jighāṃsu)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• jighāṃsu – desiring to kill, murderous
  adjective (masculine)
  Desiderative stem
  Desiderative of √han
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Describes Arjuna's disposition. Takes objects in the accusative case (gurum, tanayam).

गुरुम् (gurum) - to his teacher (Droṇa) (to the teacher (guru), to the preceptor)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, heavy, venerable

From root √gṛ (to praise, to make heavy).

Root: gṛ

Note: Refers to Droṇa.

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in war, in number)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, war, number

From sam-khyā (to enumerate, to fight).

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Refers to the battlefield.

गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher (Droṇa) (of the teacher (guru), from the teacher)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, heavy, venerable

Root: gṛ

Note: Possessive, governing tanayam.

तनयम् (tanayam) - to the son (Aśvatthāman) (to the son, the son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tanaya

tanaya - son, offspring, child

From root √tan (to stretch, to produce).

Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Refers to Aśvatthāman, son of Droṇa.

एव (eva) - even (indeed, just, only, even)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

चकार (cakāra) - he showed (respect) (he did, he made, he performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect active, third person singular

Reduplicated perfect (Lit: Perfect of √kṛ, class 8).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

आचार्यकम् (ācāryakam) - due respect (for a teacher) (act of a teacher, the duty of a student, respect for a teacher)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ācāryaka

ācāryaka - act of a teacher, behavior proper to a teacher, the duty of a student towards a teacher

Derived from ācārya (teacher).

तत्र (tatra) - there (in that situation/battle) (there, in that place, in that situation)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place or circumstance.

कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - Arjuna (son of Kuntī, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuntīputra

kuntīputra - son of Kuntī (Arjuna, Bhīma, Yudhiṣṭhira)

Tatpuruṣa compound: Kuntī (proper noun) + putra (son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuntī+putra)

• kuntī – Kuntī (mother of Arjuna)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: In apposition to saḥ and dhanañjayaḥ.

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (conqueror of wealth, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth, Arjuna (one of his ten names)

Compound: dhana (wealth) + jaya (victory/conquest).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From √ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: In apposition to saḥ and kuntīputraḥ.