महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-122, verse-39

अतीतानागतं राजन्स हि वेत्ति जनार्दनः ।
अतः सूतं समाहूय दारुकं संदिदेश ह ।
रथो मे युज्यतां काल्यमिति राजन्महाबलः ॥३९॥

39. atītānāgataṁ rājansa hi vetti janārdanaḥ ,
ataḥ sūtaṁ samāhūya dārukaṁ saṁdideśa ha ,
ratho me yujyatāṁ kālyamiti rājanmahābalaḥ.

39. atītānāgatam rājan saḥ hi vetti
janārdanaḥ ataḥ sūtam samāhūya
dārukam saṃdideśa ha rathaḥ me
yujyatām kālyam iti rājan mahābalaḥ

39. rājan janārdanaḥ hi atītānāgatam
vetti ataḥ mahābalaḥ sūtam
dārukam samāhūya ha me rathaḥ kālyam
yujyatām iti saṃdideśa rājan

39. O King, Janardana (Krishna) indeed knows the past and the future. Therefore, the mighty Krishna, having summoned his charioteer Daruka, commanded, 'My chariot should be yoked early in the morning!' O King (Dhritarashtra).

Words meanings summery:

• अतीतानागतम् (atītānāgatam) - past and future

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• सः (saḥ) - Krishna (he)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• वेत्ति (vetti) - knows

• जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Krishna (a name of Vishnu) (Janardana)

• अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, from this

• सूतम् (sūtam) - charioteer

• समाहूय (samāhūya) - having called, having summoned

• दारुकम् (dārukam) - Daruka (name of Krishna's charioteer) (Daruka)

• संदिदेश (saṁdideśa) - commanded, ordered

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

• रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

• मे (me) - my, for me

• युज्यताम् (yujyatām) - let it be yoked

• काल्यम् (kālyam) - early, at dawn

• इति (iti) - marks quoted speech (thus, so)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - Krishna, the mighty one (the mighty one, of great strength)

Words meanings and morphology

अतीतानागतम् (atītānāgatam) - past and future

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atītānāgata

atītānāgata - past and future

compound of atīta (past) and anāgata (not yet arrived, future)

Compound type : dvandva (atīta+anāgata)

• atīta – past, gone; passed away
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from ati-i (to go beyond)
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)
• anāgata – not yet arrived; future
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle (negated)
  from na-ā-gam (not arrived)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun here, referring to the collection of past and future events/times.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

Note: Used as an address to Dhritarashtra.

सः (saḥ) - Krishna (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Janardana.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

वेत्ति (vetti) - knows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present active 3rd singular

Root: vid (class 2)

जनार्दनः (janārdanaḥ) - Krishna (a name of Vishnu) (Janardana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Krishna, Vishnu (agitator of men, one who is worshipped by men)

अतः (ataḥ) - therefore, from this

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tas added to pronoun base a-

सूतम् (sūtam) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard

Note: Object of samāhūya.

समाहूय (samāhūya) - having called, having summoned

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

from sam-ā-hvā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: hvā (class 1)

दारुकम् (dārukam) - Daruka (name of Krishna's charioteer) (Daruka)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dāruka

dāruka - Daruka (name)

Note: In apposition to sūtam.

संदिदेश (saṁdideśa) - commanded, ordered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of saṃdiś

Perfect active 3rd singular, from sam-diś

Prefix: sam

Root: diś (class 6)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram

Note: Subject of the command.

मे (me) - my, for me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

alternative dative/genitive singular of asmad

Note: Possessive, 'my chariot'.

युज्यताम् (yujyatām) - let it be yoked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of yuj

Imperative passive 3rd singular, from yuj

Root: yuj (class 7)

काल्यम् (kālyam) - early, at dawn

(indeclinable)

Gerundive

from kāla with ya suffix

Note: Functions adverbially.

इति (iti) - marks quoted speech (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Used as an address to Dhritarashtra.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - Krishna, the mighty one (the mighty one, of great strength)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - mighty, of great strength, powerful

compound of mahat (great) and bala (strength)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+bala)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Janardana (Krishna).