महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-122, verse-3

महता शरवर्षेण पाण्डवं समवाकिरत् ।
द्रौणिश्चाभ्यद्रवत्पार्थं रथमास्थाय फल्गुनम् ॥३॥

3. mahatā śaravarṣeṇa pāṇḍavaṁ samavākirat ,
drauṇiścābhyadravatpārthaṁ rathamāsthāya phalgunam.

3. mahatā śaravarṣeṇa pāṇḍavam samavākirat drauṇiḥ
ca abhyadravat pārtham ratham āsthāya phalgunam

3. drauṇiḥ ca ratham āsthāya mahatā śaravarṣeṇa
pāṇḍavam phalgunam pārtham samavākirat abhyadravat

3. He (Aśvatthāman) overwhelmed Arjuna with a great shower of arrows. And Droṇa's son, having mounted his chariot, attacked Arjuna (Phālguna).

Words meanings summery:

• महता (mahatā) - with a great (shower) (by a great, with a great, by a mighty)

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows (by a shower of arrows, with a rain of arrows)

• पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Arjuna (to the son of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna)

• समवाकिरत् (samavākirat) - he covered (with arrows) (he covered, he scattered over, he poured upon)

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāman (son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāman)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he attacked (he attacked, he rushed towards, he advanced upon)

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna (to Pārtha, to Arjuna (son of Pṛthā/Kuntī))

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (his chariot) (having mounted, having ascended, having taken up position)

• फल्गुनम् (phalgunam) - Arjuna (to Phālguna, to Arjuna (born under Phālguni asterism))

Words meanings and morphology

महता (mahatā) - with a great (shower) (by a great, with a great, by a mighty)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, large, eminent

From root √mah (to be great) + -at (present participle suffix)

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies śaravarṣeṇa.

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows (by a shower of arrows, with a rain of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

Tatpuruṣa compound: śara (arrow) + varṣa (rain/shower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower, year
  noun (neuter)
  From √vṛṣ (to rain)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

पाण्डवम् (pāṇḍavam) - Arjuna (to the son of Pāṇḍu, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, relating to Pāṇḍu (Arjuna, Bhīma, Yudhiṣṭhira, Nakula, Sahadeva)

Derived from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Object of samavākirat.

समवाकिरत् (samavākirat) - he covered (with arrows) (he covered, he scattered over, he poured upon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samavā-kṛ

Imperfect active, third person singular

Root √kṛ (kirati class 6) with upasargas sam- and ava-.

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Refers to Aśvatthāman.

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Aśvatthāman (son of Droṇa, Aśvatthāman)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāman)

Patronymic from Droṇa.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - he attacked (he attacked, he rushed towards, he advanced upon)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-dru

Imperfect active, third person singular

Root √dru (class 1) with upasarga abhi-.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Refers to Aśvatthāman.

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Arjuna (to Pārtha, to Arjuna (son of Pṛthā/Kuntī))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Patronymic from Pṛthā.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

From √ram (to delight) or √ṛ (to go).

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (his chariot) (having mounted, having ascended, having taken up position)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root √sthā (class 1) with upasarga ā-. Suffix -tvā or -ya (for prefixed verbs).

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

फल्गुनम् (phalgunam) - Arjuna (to Phālguna, to Arjuna (born under Phālguni asterism))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (born under the Phālguni nakṣatra), reddish, a kind of tree

Note: Object of abhyadravat, in apposition to pārtham.