महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-122, verse-1

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
तस्मिन्विनिहते वीरे सैन्धवे सव्यसाचिना ।
मामका यदकुर्वन्त तन्ममाचक्ष्व संजय ॥१॥

1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
tasminvinihate vīre saindhave savyasācinā ,
māmakā yadakurvanta tanmamācakṣva saṁjaya.

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca tasmin vinihate vīre saindhave
savyasācinā māmakā yat akurvanta tat mama ācakṣva saṃjaya

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca: saṃjaya,
tasmin vīre saindhave savyasācinā vinihate sati,
māmakā yat akurvanta,
tat mama ācakṣva.

1. Dhritarashtra said: "Sanjaya, please tell me what my sons (the Kauravas) did when that hero Saindhava (Jayadratha) was slain by Savyasachin (Arjuna)."

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, to that

• विनिहते (vinihate) - when slain, when killed

• वीरे (vīre) - referring to Saindhava (in the hero, to the hero)

• सैन्धवे (saindhave) - King Jayadratha (in Saindhava, about Saindhava)

• सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Arjuna (who could shoot with both hands) (by Savyasachin)

• मामका (māmakā) - the Kauravas, Dhritarashtra's sons (my people, my sons)

• यत् (yat) - what, which, that

• अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they did, they made

• तत् (tat) - that

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, narrate

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (proper name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, to that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

विनिहते (vinihate) - when slain, when killed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vi-ni-hata

vi-ni-hata - killed, slain, destroyed, annihilated

past passive participle

from verb root 'han' with prefixes 'vi' and 'ni'

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: agrees with 'tasmin', 'vīre', 'saindhave'

वीरे (vīre) - referring to Saindhava (in the hero, to the hero)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: agrees with 'tasmin', 'vinihate', 'saindhave'

सैन्धवे (saindhave) - King Jayadratha (in Saindhava, about Saindhava)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - belonging to Sindh; a king of Sindh (epithet for Jayadratha)

Note: agrees with 'tasmin', 'vinihate', 'vīre'

सव्यसाचिना (savyasācinā) - by Arjuna (who could shoot with both hands) (by Savyasachin)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - one who can shoot with the left hand, ambidextrous (an epithet of Arjuna)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left (hand)
  adjective (masculine)
• sācin – shooting, throwing (from root 'sac' to shoot/throw)
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sac (class 1)

मामका (māmakā) - the Kauravas, Dhritarashtra's sons (my people, my sons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of māmaka

māmaka - my, mine, belonging to me; (substantively) my people, my relatives, my sons

derived from 'mama' (my)

यत् (yat) - what, which, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

अकुर्वन्त (akurvanta) - they did, they made

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: ātmanepada ending

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, narrate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of ā-cakṣ

often treated as a derivative from 'khyā' in the sense of narrating

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (proper name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and counsellor)